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MicroRNAs mediated interaction of tumor microenvironment cells with breast cancer cells during bone metastasis

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Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) bone metastasis is primarily osteolytic and has limited therapeutic options. Metastasized BC cells prime the secondary environment in bone by forming a tumor niche, which favors their homing and colonization. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is primarily generated by the cancer cells. Bone TME is an intricate network of multiple cells, including altered bone, tumor, stromal, and immune cells. Recent findings highlight the significance of small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) in influencing TME during tumor metastasis. MiRNAs from TME-resident cells facilitate the interaction between the tumor and its microenvironment, thereby regulating the biological processes of tumors. These miRNAs can serve as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Hence, both miRNA inhibitors and mimics are extensively utilized in pre-clinical trials for modulating the phenotypes of tumor cells and associated stromal cells. This review briefly summarizes the recent developments on the functional role of miRNAs secreted directly or indirectly from the TME-resident cells in facilitating tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. This information would be beneficial in developing novel targeted therapies for BC.

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Abbreviations

BC:

Breast cancer

BME:

Bone microenvironment

TME:

Tumor microenvironment

TAM:

Tumor-associated macrophages

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

EMT:

Epithelial mesenchymal transition

CTC:

Circulating tumor cell

IL:

Interleukin

CAF:

Cancer-associated fibroblast

MARCKS:

Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Indian Council of Medical Research, India [No.5/13/05/2019/NCD-III to N.S.] and the Department of Science &Technology [DST/INSPIRE Fellowships: 2019/IF190170 to R. L. A. and 2021/IF210073 to I. S.].

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this study.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 103, Tamil Nadu, India

    R. L. Akshaya, I. Saranya & N. Selvamurugan

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  1. R. L. Akshaya
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  2. I. Saranya
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  3. N. Selvamurugan
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RLA wrote the manuscript. IS helped in preparing the figures. NS designed and reviewed the content and secured funding for this research.

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Correspondence to N. Selvamurugan.

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Akshaya, R.L., Saranya, I. & Selvamurugan, N. MicroRNAs mediated interaction of tumor microenvironment cells with breast cancer cells during bone metastasis. Breast Cancer 30, 910–925 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-023-01491-0

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