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Hollow multishelled structural TiN as multi-functional catalytic host for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

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Abstract

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery has attracted extensive attention because of its ultrahigh theoretical energy density and low cost. However, its commercialization is seriously hampered by its short cycling life, mainly due to the shuttle of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and poor rate capability due to sluggish reaction kinetics. Although significant efforts have been devoted to solving the problems, it is still challenging to simultaneously address all the issues. Herein, titanium nitride hollow multishelled structure (TiN HoMS) sphere is designed as a multi-functional catalytic host for sulfur cathode. TiN, with good conductivity, can effectively catalyze the redox conversion of S and LiPSs, while its surficial oxidation passivation layer can strongly anchor LiPSs. Besides, HoMS enables TiN nanoparticle subunits to expose abundant active sites for anchoring and promoting conversion of LiPSs, while the multiple shells provide physical barriers to restrict the shuttle effect. In addition, HoMS can buffer the volume expansion of sulfur and shorten the charge transport pathway. As a result, the sulfur cathode based on triple-shelled TiN HoMS exhibits an initial specific capacity of 1016 mAh·g−1 at a high sulfur loading of 2.8 mg·cm−2 and maintains 823 mAh·g−1 after 100 cycles. Moreover, it shows a four times higher specific capacity than the one without TiN host at 2 C.

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Acknowledgements

This study received support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21820102002, 52301296, 51932001, 52372170, and 52261160573), the National Key R&D Program (Nos. 2018YFA0703503, 2021YFC2902503, and 2022YFA1504101), the Cooperation Fund of the Institute of Clean Energy Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. DNL202020), the Zhongke-Yuneng Joint R&D Center Program (No. ZKYN2022008), and Institute of Process Engineering (IPE) Project for Frontier Basic Research (No. QYJC-2022-008).

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Wei Xu, Ruyi Bi, Mei Yang, Jiangyan Wang & Dan Wang

  2. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China

    Wei Xu, Ruyi Bi & Ranbo Yu

  3. School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Jiangyan Wang & Dan Wang

  4. Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Mei Yang, Jiangyan Wang & Dan Wang

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  1. Wei Xu
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Xu, W., Bi, R., Yang, M. et al. Hollow multishelled structural TiN as multi-functional catalytic host for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries. Nano Res. 16, 12745–12752 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6144-6

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