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Phase constitution of the noble metal thin-film complex solid solution system Ag-Ir-Pd-Pt-Ru in dependence of elemental compositions and annealing temperatures

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  • Published: 11 May 2021
  • volume 15, pages 4827–4836 (2022)
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Phase constitution of the noble metal thin-film complex solid solution system Ag-Ir-Pd-Pt-Ru in dependence of elemental compositions and annealing temperatures
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  • Bin Xiao1,
  • Xiao Wang1,
  • Alan Savan1 &
  • …
  • Alfred Ludwig1,2 

  • 496 Accesses

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Abstract

Multiple-principal element alloys hold great promise for multifunctional material discovery (e.g., for novel electrocatalysts based on complex solid solutions) in a virtually unlimited compositional space. Here, the phase constitution of the noble metal system Ag-Ir-Pd-Pt-Ru was investigated over a large compositional range in the quinary composition space and for different annealing temperatures from 600 to 900 °C using thin-film materials libraries. Composition-dependent X-ray diffraction mapping of the as-deposited thin-film materials library indicates different phases being present across the composition space (face-centered cubic (fcc), hexagonal close packed (hcp) and mixed fcc + hcp), which are strongly dependent on the Ru content. In general, low Ru contents promote the fcc phase, whereas high Ru contents favor the formation of an hcp solid-solution phase. Furthermore, a temperature-induced phase transformation study was carried out for a selected measurement area of fcc-Ag5Ir8Pd56Pt8Ru23. With increasing temperature, the initial fcc phase transforms to an intermediate C14-type Laves phase at 360 °C, and then to hcp when the temperature reaches 510 °C. The formation and disappearance of the hexagonal Laves phase, which covers a wide temperature range, plays a crucial role of bridging the fcc to hcp phase transition. The obtained composition, phase and temperature data are transformed into phase maps which could be used to guide theoretical studies and lay a basis for tuning the functional properties of these materials.

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Acknowledgements

ZGH is acknowledged for the use of its scientific infrastructure. This work was funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), projects LU1175/26-1 and LU1175/22-1.

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Funding note Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Discovery and Interfaces, Institute for Materials, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany

    Bin Xiao, Xiao Wang, Alan Savan & Alfred Ludwig

  2. Zentrum für Grenzflächendominierte Höchstleistungswerkstoffe (ZGH), Ruhr University Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany

    Alfred Ludwig

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  1. Bin Xiao
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Correspondence to Alfred Ludwig.

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Phase constitution of the noble metal thin-film complex solid solution system Ag-Ir-Pd-Pt-Ru in dependence of elemental compositions and annealing temperatures

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Xiao, B., Wang, X., Savan, A. et al. Phase constitution of the noble metal thin-film complex solid solution system Ag-Ir-Pd-Pt-Ru in dependence of elemental compositions and annealing temperatures. Nano Res. 15, 4827–4836 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3516-7

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  • Received: 08 January 2021

  • Revised: 08 April 2021

  • Accepted: 12 April 2021

  • Published: 11 May 2021

  • Issue Date: June 2022

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-021-3516-7

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Keywords

  • noble metal high-entropy alloys
  • phase transformation
  • combinatorial synthesis and high-throughput characterization
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