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Nanomaterials for the abatement of cadmium (II) ions from water/wastewater

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Abstract

The rapid rise of modern industry is the source of unchecked effluents containing many pernicious heavy metals (e.g., cadmium). To rehabilitate the ecology, food resources, and health of humans and animals, various conventional methodologies are being used in wastewater treatment facilities for the abatement of cadmium. Nonetheless, the development of advanced, economical, and efficient adsorbents is needed because of the many shortcomings of conventional methods (e.g., high cost, intensive operation, and inefficiency). Recent advancements in materials science and chemistry have introduced the use of nanomaterials, which possess very high specific surface areas and multiple functionalities, for the removal of specific targets such as cadmium. This review explores the recent developments and trends in nanomaterial adsorption technology for the mitigation of cadmium. The paper further surveys the present obstacles and future opportunities for the advancement of nanomaterial-based technologies in the area of water treatment.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the support made by the R&D Center for Green Patrol Technologies through the R&D for Global Top Environmental Technologies funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE 2018001850001) as well as a grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (No. 2016R1E1A1A01940995). This work was also supported by “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ014297)” Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. V. K. acknowledges the support from the Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India, in the form of an INSPIRE Faculty Award.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea

    Kumar Vikrant & Ki-Hyun Kim

  2. National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India

    Vanish Kumar

  3. Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai, 600036, India

    Kowsalya Vellingiri

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  1. Kumar Vikrant
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Vikrant, K., Kumar, V., Vellingiri, K. et al. Nanomaterials for the abatement of cadmium (II) ions from water/wastewater. Nano Res. 12, 1489–1507 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-019-2309-8

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