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Facile synthesis of wormlike quantum dots-encapsulated nanoparticles and their controlled surface functionalization for effective bioapplications

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Abstract

Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are considered as ideal fluorescent probes owing to their intrinsic optical properties. It has been demonstrated that the size and shape of nanoparticles significantly influence their behaviors in biological systems. In particular, one-dimensional (1D) nanoparticles with larger aspect ratios are desirable for cellular uptake. Here, we explore a facile and green method to prepare novel 1D wormlike QDs@SiO2 nanoparticles with controlled aspect ratios, wherein multiple QDs are arranged in the centerline of the nanoparticles. Then, an excellent cationic gene carrier, ethanolamine-functionalized poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (denoted by BUCT-PGEA), was in-situ produced via atom transfer radical polymerization on the surface of the QDs@SiO2 nanoparticles to achieve stable surfaces (QDs@SiO2-PGEA) for effective bioapplications. We found that the wormlike QDs@SiO2-PGEA nanoparticles demonstrated much higher gene transfection performance than ordinary spherical counterparts. In addition, the wormlike nanoparticles with larger aspect ratio performed better than those with smaller ratio. Furthermore, the gene delivery processes including cell entry and plasmid DNA (pDNA) escape and transport were also tracked in real time by the QDs@SiO2-PGEA/pDNA complexes. This work realized the integration of efficient gene delivery and real-time imaging within one controlled 1D nanostructure. These constructs will likely provide useful information regarding the interaction of nanoparticles with biological systems.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing, 100029, China

    Yajuan Yang, Yu Qi, Nana Zhao & Fujian Xu

  2. Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing, 100029, China

    Yajuan Yang, Yu Qi, Nana Zhao & Fujian Xu

  3. Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers of Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China

    Yajuan Yang, Yu Qi, Nana Zhao & Fujian Xu

  4. Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China

    Min Zhu

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  1. Yajuan Yang
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  2. Yu Qi
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  3. Min Zhu
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  4. Nana Zhao
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  5. Fujian Xu
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Correspondence to Nana Zhao or Fujian Xu.

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These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Yang, Y., Qi, Y., Zhu, M. et al. Facile synthesis of wormlike quantum dots-encapsulated nanoparticles and their controlled surface functionalization for effective bioapplications. Nano Res. 9, 2531–2543 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-016-1139-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-016-1139-1

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