Abstract
Working with a biased atomic force microscope (AFM) tip in the tapping mode under ambient atmosphere, attoliter (10−18 L) water droplet patterns have been generated on a patterned carbonaceous surface. This is essentially electrocondensation of water leading to charged droplets, as evidenced from electrostatic force microscopy measurements. The droplets are unusual in that they exhibit a highly corrugated surface and evaporate rather slowly, taking several tens of minutes.
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Kurra, N., Scott, A. & Kulkarni, G.U. Electrocondensation and evaporation of attoliter water droplets: Direct visualization using atomic force microscopy. Nano Res. 3, 307–316 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-010-1034-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-010-1034-0