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Modified Exosomes: a Good Transporter for miRNAs within Stem Cells to Treat Ischemic Heart Disease

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Abstract

Stem cell-based therapy for ischemic heart disease (IHD) has become a promising but controversial strategy during the past two decades. The fate and effects of stem cells engrafted into ischemia myocardium are still not fully understood. Stem cell-derived exosomes, a subcategory of extracellular vesicles with nano size, have been considered as an efficient and safe transporter for microRNAs (miRNAs) and a central mediator of the cardioprotective potentials of the parental cells. Hypoxia, pharmacological intervention, and gene manipulation could alter the exosomal miRNAs cargos from stem cells and promote therapeutic potential. Furthermore, several bioengineering methods were also successfully applied to modify miRNAs content and components of exosomal membrane proteins recently. In this review, we outline relevant results about exosomal miRNAs from stem cells and focus on the current strategies to promote their therapeutic efficiency in IHD.

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Abbreviations

BMSC:

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

CCND2:

Cyclin D2

CDC:

Cardiosphere-derived cells

Cltc1:

Clathrin heavy chain 1

CNP:

Cellular nanoporation biological chip

COX-2:

Cyclooxygenase 2

CPC:

Cardiac progenitor cells

ERCC:

Extracellular RNA Communication Consortium

ESC:

Embryonic stem cells

hucMSC:

Human umbilical cord MSCs

HUVEC:

Human umbilical vein endothelial cell

IHD:

Ischemic heart disease

iPSC:

Induced pluripotent cell

Lamp2b:

Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2

MAPC:

Multipotent adult progenitor cells

MI:

Myocardial infarction

MI/R:

Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion

NSC:

Neural stem cells

nSMase2:

Neutral sphingomyelinase 2

PCR:

Principal component regression

PLSR:

Partial least squares regression

PTEN:

Gene of phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromsome ten

PDCD4:

Programmed cell death 4

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Fangfei Wei (from University of Leuven, Belgium) for reviewing and modification of the manuscript.

Funding

The present study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81770394, 82000260) and Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2021A1515010755).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China

    Hao Chen, Ruicong Xue, Peisen Huang, Yuzhong Wu, Wendong Fan, Xin He, Yugang Dong & Chen Liu

  2. National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China

    Hao Chen, Ruicong Xue, Peisen Huang, Yuzhong Wu, Wendong Fan, Xin He, Yugang Dong & Chen Liu

  3. Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China

    Ruicong Xue, Peisen Huang, Yuzhong Wu, Wendong Fan, Xin He, Yugang Dong & Chen Liu

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Chen, H., Xue, R., Huang, P. et al. Modified Exosomes: a Good Transporter for miRNAs within Stem Cells to Treat Ischemic Heart Disease. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 15, 514–523 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-022-10216-1

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