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Anthropogenic Nutrient Sources Supplied to a Chesapeake Bay Tributary Support Algal Growth: A Bioassay and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Approach

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Abstract

Three anthropogenic sources (urban, soil, and industrial runoff) were characterized for bulk nutrient and dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition using wet chemistry and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Each source was unique based on its chemical composition. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (N) comprised 91, 60, and 20 % of the total N pool in the soil, urban, and industrial sources, respectively. The DOM composition was dominated by terrestrial compounds in the soil, condensed hydrocarbons, lipids and proteins in the urban, and lipid-like compounds in the industrial source. A York River (VA) phytoplankton assemblage, dominated by Cochlodinium polykrikoides, was amended with the sources during a 7-day bioassay. There was a doubling of chlorophyll a and/or cell concentrations within 2 days, in the +Urban and +Soil treatments. The + Industrial treatment supported algal growth, but increases in cell abundances were only statistically significant at the end of the experiment (days 5–7), suggesting that this material was less labile to the original York River community than the other anthropogenic nutrient sources, on the relatively short timescale of the study.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank T. Thoreson, Q. Roberts, and L. Ott for their assistance in conducting this bioassay, with nutrient analyses, and phytoplankton enumeration, respectively. The authors would also like to thank A. Beck for the analysis of the TDP samples. The authors would also like to thank E. Kujawinski, M. Kido-Soule, and K. Longnecker, at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute’s FT-ICR-MS Facility, for their help with sample analysis. Travel support for R. Sipler to the WHOI FT-MS Facility was provided by the WHOI Director’s discretionary funds. This research was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Organization Sea Grant NA07NAOAR4170047 and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Organization ECOHAB award NANA06NO54780246 to D. Bronk. This paper is Contribution No. 3268 of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William & Mary.

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  1. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 1346, Gloucester Point, VA, 23062, USA

    Lynn Killberg-Thoreson, Rachel E. Sipler & Deborah A. Bronk

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  1. Lynn Killberg-Thoreson
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  2. Rachel E. Sipler
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  3. Deborah A. Bronk
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Correspondence to Deborah A. Bronk.

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Killberg-Thoreson, L., Sipler, R.E. & Bronk, D.A. Anthropogenic Nutrient Sources Supplied to a Chesapeake Bay Tributary Support Algal Growth: A Bioassay and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Approach. Estuaries and Coasts 36, 966–980 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-013-9604-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-013-9604-5

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