Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Canister Assay for Evaluating Host Status of Potato to Meloidogyne Chitwoodi

  • Published:
American Journal of Potato Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

New, reliable strategies are needed to control Meloidogyne chitwoodi in potato; plant host resistance is central to this effort. While efforts to breed potato for resistance to M. chitwoodi are underway, a major bottleneck in this process is phenotyping plant genotypes for nematode resistance. Currently, time and resource consuming phenotyping takes place in the greenhouse or field. The objective of this study was to establish a high throughput methodology for screening potatoes against M. chitwoodi and quantify nematode egg densities at the end ofscreening using qPCR. Various parameters were evaluated for a canister assay where soil was added to a small container, planted with potato seed tuber, inoculated with nematode eggs, and incubated at a constant temperature in the dark. To obtain maximum reproduction factor (RF = final population density/initial population density) values, a minimum of 6 weeks after inoculation was required. Timing of inoculation was also important, with higher RF values when inoculation with eggs occurred at planting compared to 2 weeks after planting. The volume of water in which inoculum was delivered to soil did not impact RF values, nor did inoculation density (0.5, 1, or 5 eggs/g soil). The canister assay was evaluated using genotypes from a breeding population with varying levels of resistance to M. chitwoodi. Egg enumeration by qPCR was more sensitive than by microscopy, however, this increased sensitivity did not result in a significant difference in RF values nor the designation of a genotype being a good or poor host for M. chitwoodi. This method has the potential to greatly decrease the amount of time and resources needed to phenotype potato against M. chitwoodi and can allow for multiple screenings throughout the year, regardless of the season.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

Data will be shared as per request to the corresponding author.

References

  • Bali, S., C. Brown, H. Mojtahedi, S. Yilma, R. E. Ingham, L. Cimrhakl, R. Quick, and V. Sathuvalli. 2022. Genomic markers linked to Meloidogyne chitwoodi resistance introgressed from Solanum bulbocasanum to cultivated potato and their utility in maker-assisted selection. Molecular Breeding 42:12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-022-01285-w.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, C. R., H. Mojtahedi, and G. S. Santo, G. S. 1995. Introgression of resistance to Columbia and Northern root-knot nematodes from Solanum bulbocastanum into cultivated potato. Euphytica 83(1):71–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, C. R., H. Mojtahedi, and G. S. Santo. 1999. Genetic analysis of resistance to Meloidogyne Chitwoodi introgressed from Solanum hougasii into cultivated potato. Journal of Nematology 31(3):264–271.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, C. R., H. Mojtahedi, S. James, R. G. Novy, and S. Love, S. 2006. Development and evaluation of potato breeding lines with introgressed resistance to Columbia root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne Chitwoodi). American Journal of Potato Research 83(1):1–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Filialuna, O., C. Wram, and I. Zasada. 2022. What is the optimal way to assess Meloidogyne spp. reproduction in greenhouse pot experiments? Journal of Nematology. https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2022-0012.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Foot, M. A. 1977. Laboratory rearing of potato cyst nematode; a method suitable for pathotyping and biological studies. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 4(2):183–186.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gartner, U., I. Hein, L. H. Brown, X. Chen, S. Mantelin, S. K. Sharma, L. M. Dandurand, J. C. Kuhl, J. T. Jones, G. J. Bryan, and V. C. Block. 2021. Resisting potato cyst nematodes with resistance. Frontiers in Plant Science. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.661194.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Graebner, R. C., C. R. Brown, R. E. Ingham, C. H. Hagerty, H. Mojtahedi, R. A. Quick, L. L. Hamlin, N. Wade, J. B. Bamberg, and V. Sathuvalli, V. 2018. Resistance to Meloidogyne chitwoodi identified in wild potato species. American Journal of Potato Research 95(6):679–686.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, S., J. Franco, S. Bali, S. Chavoshi, C. Brown, H. Mojtahedi, R. Quick, L. Cimrhakl, R. Ingham, C. Gleason, and V. Sathuvalli. 2023. Diagnosticmolecular markers for identification of different races and a pathotype of Columbia root knot nematode. PhytoFrontiers 3:199–205.

  • Janssen, G. J. W., A.Van Norel, B. Verkerk-Bakker, and R. Janssen. 1995. Detecting resistance to the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne hapla and M. Chitwoodi in potato and wild Solanum spp. Potato Research 38(4):353–362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Janssen, G. J. W., A. V. Norel, R. Janssen, and J. Hoogendoorn. 1997. Dominant and additive resistance to the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne Chitwoodi and M. fallax in Central American Solanum species. Theoretical Applied Genetics 94:692–700.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaczmarek, A., K. MacKenzie, H. Kettle, and V. Blok. 2014. Influence of soil temperature on Globodera Rostochiensis and Globodera Pallida. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 53(3):396–405.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kassambara, A. 2021. rstatix: Pipe-friendly framework for basic statistical tests. R package version 0.7.0.

  • King, B. A., and J. P. Taberna. 2013. Site-specific management of Meloidogyne Chitwoodi in Idaho potatoes using 1,3-Dichloropropene; Approach, experiences, and Economics. Journal of Nematology 45(3):202–213.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • LaMondia, J. A., and B. B. Brodie. 1984. An observation chamber technique for evaluating potential biocontrol agents of Globodera Rostochiensis. Journal of Nematology 16(1):112–115.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Moloney, C., D. Griffin, P. W. Jones, G. J. Bryan, K. McLean, J. E. Bradshaw, and D. Milbourne. 2010. Development of diagnostic markers for use in breeding potatoes resistant to Globodera Pallida pathotype Pa2/3 using germplasm derived from Solanum tuberosum Ssp. Andigena CPC 2802. TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics Theoretische Und Angewandte Genetik 120(3):679–689.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mugniéry, D., M. S. Phillips, H. J. Rumpenhorst, A. R. Stone, A. Treur, and D. L. Trudgill. 1989. Assessment of partial resistance of potato to, and pathotype and virulence differences in, potato cyst nematodes. EPPO Bulletin 19(1):7–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nyczepir, A. P., J. H. O’Bannon, G. S. Santo, and A. M. Finley. 1982. Incidence and distinguishing characteristics of Meloidogyne Chitwoodi and M. Hapla in potato from the northwestern United States. Journal of Nematology 14:347–353.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • O’Bannon, J. H., and G. S. Santo. 1984. Effect of soil temperature on reproduction of Meloidogyne Chitwoodi and M. Hapla alone and in combination on potato and M. Chitwoodi on rotation plants. Journal of Nematology 16(3):309–312.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, M. S., J. M. S. Forrest, and L. A. Wilson. 1980. Screening for resistance to potato cyst nematode using closed containers. Annals of Applied Biology 96(3):317–322.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pinkerton, J. N., G. S. Santo, and H. Mojtahedi. 1991. Population dynamics of Meloidogyne chitwoodi on Russet Burbank Potatoes in relation to degree-day accumulation. Journal of Nematology 23(3):283–290.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • R Core Team. 2022. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.

  • Santo, G. S., and J. H. O’Bannon. 1981. Effect of soil temperature on the pathogenicity and reproduction of Meloidogyne Chitwoodi and M. Hapla on Russet Burbank potato. Journal of Nematology 13(4):483–486.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Skelsey, P., H. Kettle, K. MacKenzie, and V. Blok. 2018. Potential impacts of climate change on the threat of potato cyst nematode species in Great Britain. Plant Pathology 67(4):909–919.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zasada, I. A., J. M. Halbrendt, N. Kokalis-Burelle, J. LaMondia, M. V. McKenry, and J. W. Noling. 2010. Managing nematodes without methyl bromide. Annual Review of Phytopathology 48(1):311–328.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zasada, I. A., L. M. Dandurand, C. Gleason, C. H. Hagerty, and R. E. Ingham. 2018. Plant parasitic nematode of the Pacific Northwest; Idaho, Oregon and Washington.

Download references

Acknowledgements

We thank the Pacific Northwest Potato Consortium for partially funding this research. We also thank Shengwei Hu for field screening and marker data development of the breeding clones used in this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Horticultural Crops Disease and Pest Management Research Unit, USDA Agriculture Research Service, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA

    Michelle Soulé, Megan Kitner, Gabrielle Studebaker & Inga Zasada

  2. Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, USDA Agriculture Research Service, Prosser, WA, 99350, USA

    Max J. Feldman

  3. Hermiston Agricultural Research & Extension Center, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR, 97838, USA

    Vidyasagar Sathuvalli

Authors
  1. Michelle Soulé
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Megan Kitner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Gabrielle Studebaker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Max J. Feldman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Vidyasagar Sathuvalli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Inga Zasada
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

MS: methodology, data analysis, writing, review and editing; MC: methodology, writing, review and editing; GS: methodology, writing, review and editing; MF: writing, review and editing; VS: writing, review and editing: IZ: funding acquisition, supervision, writing, review and editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Inga Zasada.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Soulé, M., Kitner, M., Studebaker, G. et al. A Canister Assay for Evaluating Host Status of Potato to Meloidogyne Chitwoodi. Am. J. Potato Res. 100, 479–488 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-023-09936-0

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-023-09936-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation