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Phosphorus Fertilizer Rate for Fresh Market Potato Cultivars Grown in Tropical Soil with Low Phosphorus Availability

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Abstract

Knowledge on phosphorus (P) response of main potato cultivars is essential to rational fertilization management and maximize yield, mainly in tropical soils that usually have low P availability. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of P fertilization rates (0, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 kg P2O5 ha−1) on leaf nutrient concentrations, tuber yield and size distribution, as well as applied P-use efficiency (APUE) in the potato cultivars Agata and Mondial. The results indicated that it is not necessary to evaluate the P-nutritional status and adjust P recommendations on a cultivar basis because P fertilization resulted in similar increases in the leaf P concentration of both cultivars, and the cultivars responded to the same P rate (500 kg P2O5 ha−1). However, Mondial had a higher APUE and was more responsive than Agata to the same P rate. A leaf P concentration of 2.9 g kg−1 was superior to 2.5 g kg−1 as the lower limit of the P sufficiency range for Agata and Mondial.

Resumen

El conocimiento de la respuesta al fósforo (P) de las principales variedades de papa, es esencial para un manejo racional de la fertilización y maximizar el rendimiento, principalmente en suelos tropicales que usualmente tienen baja disponibilidad del P. Se condujo un experimento para evaluar el efecto de los niveles de fertilización con P (0, 125, 250, 500, y 1000 kg P2O5 ha−1) en concentraciones del nutriente en la hoja, rendimiento de tubérculo y distribución de tamaños, así como la eficiencia del uso del P aplicado (APUE) en las variedades de papa Agata y Mondial. Los resultados indicaron que no es necesario evaluar el estatus del P nutricional ni ajustar las recomendaciones de P con base a la variedad, porque la fertilización con P dio como resultado incrementos similares en la concentración de P en la hoja de ambas variedades, y éstas respondieron a la misma concentración del P (500 kg P2O5 ha−1). No obstante, Mondial tuvo una APUE más alta y respondió más que Agata a un mismo nivel de P. Una concentración foliar de P de 2.9 g kg−1 fue superior a 2.5 g kg−1 como el límite más bajo del rango de suficiencia de P para Agata y Mondial.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) for supporting this research and for providing a scholarship to the first author (Proc. 2010/04987-6). In addition, we are grateful to the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for supporting this research (Proc. 480757/2010-0) and for providing an award for excellence in research to the second author. We would also like to thank the potato grower (Grupo Ioshida) who provided the areas for this investigation and the Brazilian Association of Potato (ABBA) who provided the seed tubers.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Tropical Roots and Starches (CERAT), São Paulo State University (UNESP), P.O. Box 237, Botucatu, SP, 18610-307, Brazil

    Adalton M. Fernandes

  2. Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), P.O. Box 237, Botucatu, SP, 18610-307, Brazil

    Rogério P. Soratto

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  1. Adalton M. Fernandes
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  2. Rogério P. Soratto
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Correspondence to Rogério P. Soratto.

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Fernandes, A.M., Soratto, R.P. Phosphorus Fertilizer Rate for Fresh Market Potato Cultivars Grown in Tropical Soil with Low Phosphorus Availability. Am. J. Potato Res. 93, 404–414 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-016-9515-7

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