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Seed Potato Production in Poland

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Abstract

The aim of this research was to analyze the regional distribution and quality of potato seed production in Poland from 2007 to 2011. The research was based on 10,559 tuber samples taken for the official post-harvest inspection assessment of seed potato lots. A very detailed map of seed plantation locations in Poland was created at the municipality level. The greatest concentration of seed production was from the northern and southern parts of Pomorskie Province, where many seed potatoes were cultivated, and in the north of the Zachodniopomorskie Province, around the towns of Koszalin and Kołobrzeg. In both provinces, cultivars which were highly susceptible to PVY were cultivated on nearly half of the area. Over time a clear increase in the production of elite material and a decrease in those certified as the lowest category, CB, were observed. The quality of seed potato material was poorest following the harvest in 2008, because of high levels of virus infection; 30 % of the seed lots were not certified. Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) was recorded occasionally and it is at present of no economic importance in Poland. The role of potato virus Y (PVY), increased, probably because of the growth in the share of foreign cultivars (mainly Dutch) which are more susceptible to PVY. There were also changes in the populations of PVY strains. The share of Polish cultivars in potato seed production decreased to 36.3 % in 2012.

Resumen

El propósito de esta investigación fue de analizar la distribución regional y la calidad en la producción de semilla de papa en Polonia de 2007 a 2011. El estudio se basó en 10,559 muestras de tubérculos tomadas del análisis oficial de la inspección postcosecha de los lotes de semilla de papa. Se creó un mapa muy detallado de la localización de las siembras para semilla en Polonia a nivel de municipalidad. La mayor concentración de producción de semilla fue de las partes norte y sur de la provincia de Pomorskie donde se cultivó mucha papa para semilla, y en el norte de la provincia de Zachodniopomorskie, alrededor de los pueblos de Koszalin y Kołobrzeg. En ambas provincias las variedades que fueron altamente susceptibles al PVY se sembraron en cerca de la mitad del área. Con el tiempo, se observó un aumento claro en la producción del material elite y disminución en el material certificado con la menor categoría, CB. La más pobre calidad de la papa para semilla fue la que siguió a la cosecha en 2008, debido a los altos niveles de infección viral; 30 % de los lotes de semilla no se certificaron. El virus del enrollamiento de la hoja de la papa (PLRV) se registró ocasionalmente y actualmente no es de importancia económica en Polonia. La relevancia del virus Y de la papa (PVY) aumentó, probablemente debido al crecimiento en el uso de variedades extranjeras (principalmente holandesas) que son más susceptibles al PVY. También hubo cambios en las poblaciones de las variantes de PVY. La proporción de las variedades polacas en la producción de semilla de papa disminuyó a 36.3 % en 2012.

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Abbreviations

AGAKST:

Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Anerkennungsstellen für landwirtschaftliches Saat- und Pflanzgut in Deutschland (Working Group of the German Seed Certification Agencies)– http://www.ag-akst.de/

DAS-ELISA:

Double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

ESCAA:

European seed certification agencies association – http://www.escaa.org/

FAO:

Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations – http://faostat3.fao.org/

FN3PT:

Fédération nationale des Producteurs de Plants de Pomme de Terre (French federation of potato seed producers) – www.plantdepommedeterre.org

GIORiN:

Główny Inspektorat Państwowej Inspekcji Ochrony Roślin i Nasiennictwa (Main Inspectorate of Plant Health and Seed Inspection) – http://piorin.gov.pl/

NAK:

Nederlandse Algemene Keuringsdienst voor zaaizaad en pootgoed van landbouwgewassen (Netherlands General Inspection Service for Agricultural Seeds and Seed Potatoes) – http://www.nak.nl/

PIORiN:

Polish abbreviation for Państwowa Inspekcja Ochrony Roślin i Nasiennictwa

PLRV:

Potato leafrol virus

PVY:

Potato virus Y

SASA:

Science and advice for Scottish agriculture – http://www.sasa.gov.uk/

UE:

European union

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Correspondence to Sławomir Wróbel.

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Wróbel, S., Wąsik, A. Seed Potato Production in Poland. Am. J. Potato Res. 91, 260–268 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-013-9346-8

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