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Current Status, Challenges, and Opportunities in Rice Production

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Rice Production Worldwide

Abstract

Rice is the staple food for nearly half the world’s population, and its continued increased production to meet the enhanced demand due to ever-increasing population faces many challenges. Per capita availability of land and water is increasing at a fast rate, and there is worldwide mass rural-to-urban movement of youth in search of better livelihood reducing the availability of farm labor. Rice is going to suffer the most due to these changes, because of its high water and labor requirements. The development of high-yielding varieties/hybrids of rice and concomitant use of high levels of fertilizer, specially nitrogen, have been the two major drivers of increased rice production in the last four decades, but overuse of fertilizer nitrogen has created environmental problems of greenhouse warming, depletion of ozone layer, and eutrophication of surface and groundwaters, and there is global concern about it. Nitrogen application rates to rice have therefore to be reduced and it may affect production. Nitrogen use efficiency in rice is lowest among the cereals. There is therefore an urgent need for developing more nitrogen use-efficient varieties and rice production technologies demanding lesser water, labor, nitrogen, and pesticides. Achieving these is going to be a Herculean task for agricultural scientists.

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  1. Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Rajendra Prasad, Yashbir Singh Shivay & Dinesh Kumar

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  1. Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia

    Bhagirath S. Chauhan

  2. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey

    Khawar Jabran

  3. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

    Gulshan Mahajan

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Prasad, R., Shivay, Y.S., Kumar, D. (2017). Current Status, Challenges, and Opportunities in Rice Production. In: Chauhan, B., Jabran, K., Mahajan, G. (eds) Rice Production Worldwide. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47516-5_1

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