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Road Edge Effect and Elevation Patterns of Native and Alien Plants on an Oceanic Island (Tenerife, Canary Islands)

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Abstract

We studied road edge effects on floristic composition and richness of alien and native plants on five zonal ecosystems, following a steep altitudinal gradient from arid coastal and mid-elevation scrublands, through laurel and pine forests, to summit scrub, on Tenerife (Canary Islands). We analyzed vegetation within transects running from the road edge to the core of natural habitats. Alien richness significantly decreased with distance to road edge for most ecosystems. Native richness also decreased with increasing road distance for the coastal scrub and pine forest, but increased for the thermophilous scrub. We found a decrease in both native and alien species richness with elevation. Our results suggest that road edge effects in alien plant invasion are stronger in native shrub communities at low elevations than in forests (laurel and Canary Island pine forest), where aliens were limited to a narrow road edge band. Detrended correspondence analyses showed that road edge plots were floristically very different from interior plots and that each ecosystem harboured a specific alien assemblage with few species present in more than one ecosystem, suggesting a marked species turnover of roadside alien species across altitudinal belts up to the pine forest. However, at high elevations, very few aliens invaded roadsides, probably due to harsh environmental conditions and still relatively low propagule pressure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ecology Department, University of La Laguna, 38206, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain

    Rüdiger Otto, Manuel A. Arteaga, José R. Arévalo, Cristina Blandino & José M. Fernández-Palacios

  2. Ecology Area, Department Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, University Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain

    Juan D. Delgado

Authors
  1. Rüdiger Otto
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  2. Manuel A. Arteaga
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  3. Juan D. Delgado
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  4. José R. Arévalo
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  5. Cristina Blandino
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  6. José M. Fernández-Palacios
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Juan D. Delgado.

Appendix 1

Appendix 1

Table 4 Mean cover values of alien species found within transects (0.25, 50 and 100 m from the road edge) and ecosystems (taxonomy follows Acebes et al. 2004)
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Otto, R., Arteaga, M.A., Delgado, J.D. et al. Road Edge Effect and Elevation Patterns of Native and Alien Plants on an Oceanic Island (Tenerife, Canary Islands). Folia Geobot 49, 65–82 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12224-013-9159-z

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