Abstract
Members of Hymenochaetaceae fungi are among well-known macromycetes with various medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological activities of Phellinus tuberculosus and Fuscoporia ferruginosa collected in Iran. The antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of the two species were examined, and their phenolic and polysaccharide contents were quantified. Compounds were characterized by HPLC–DAD chromatography and LC–ESI–MS/MS spectroscopy. According to our results, the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of P. tuberculosus extracts were stronger than F. ferruginosa. Also, the effect of hydroalcoholic extracts was higher than the aqueous extract. Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to all extracts, especially Streptococcus mutans with a MIC of 0.7 mg/mL and MBC of 6.25 mg/mL. HPLC–DAD analyses detected gallic acid, caffeic acid, and syringic acid in both fungi. The LC–ESI–MS/MS confirmed the detected compounds in HPLC–DAD and showed the presence of several phenolic compounds such as phellifuropyranone, phelligridin, and hispidin, besides others. This study showed that F. ferruginosa and P. tuberculosus are potent medicinal fungi with antibacterial and antioxidant properties, with no toxic effect on normal HDF cells, and possess various bioactive compounds including styrylpyrone-type phenols with well-known bioactivities.
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Abbreviations
- ABTS:
-
2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
- AEF:
-
Aqueous extract of F. ferruginosa
- AEP:
-
Aqueous extract of P. tuberculosus
- AMR:
-
Antimicrobial resistance
- DMSO:
-
Dimethyl sulfoxide
- DPPH:
-
1,1-Diphenyl1-2-picryl-hydrate
- EEF:
-
Ethanolic extract of F. ferruginosa
- EEP:
-
Ethanolic extract of P. tuberculosus
- GAE:
-
Gallic acid equivalent
- IC50 :
-
Inhibition concentration by 50%
- MBC:
-
Minimum bactericidal concentration
- MEF:
-
Methanolic extract of F. ferruginosa
- MEP:
-
Methanolic extract of P. tuberculosus
- MIC:
-
Minimum inhibitory concentration
- HWEP:
-
Hot water extract of P. tuberculosus
- HWEF:
-
Hot water extract of F. ferruginosa
- TPC:
-
Total phenol content
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Acknowledgements
This study is part of the doctoral thesis of the first author, approved by Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology. The cooperation of the responsible authorities of the laboratories and those who helped us in this research is appreciated.
Funding
This study was partially financially supported by grant no. 970510 of the Biotechnology Development Council of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
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SCD and MG designed study, developed the original idea and wrote the manuscript; SCD performed the experiments and analyses; HM and HR contributed with the experiments setup; all authors read and commented on the final draft.
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Dokhaharani, S.C., Ghobad-Nejhad, M., Moghimi, H. et al. Biological activities of two polypore macrofungi (Basidiomycota) and characterization of their compounds using HPLC–DAD and LC–ESI–MS/MS. Folia Microbiol 66, 775–786 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-021-00884-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-021-00884-y