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Fabrication of Bismuth Oxychloride Nanosheets Decorated with Chitosan and Phytic Acid for Improvement of Flexible Poly(vinyl chloride) Flame Retardancy

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Abstract

A novel green composite flame retardant, bismuth oxychloride nanosheet decorated with chitosan and phytic acid (BiOCl@CS-PA) was prepared in order to improve the fire safety of flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). Introducing phytic acid (PA) is aimed at promoting the flame retardancy of BiOCl nanosheets in condensed phase using the synergistic effects. Chitosan (CS) not only acts as a bridge between BiOCl and PA, but also increases residue as a charring agent. Adequate characterizations verified that the BiOCl@CS-PA has been prepared successfully. When 3 wt.% of BiOCl@CS-PA was imparted into the PVC matrix, the resultant PVC composite can pass V-0 rating in the UL-94 test. Additionally, cone calorimetry test demonstrated that 3 wt.% of BiOCl@CS-PA reduced the first peak heat release rate and inhibited the pronounced peak heat release rate of PVC matrix between 300–400 s in comparison with the BiOCl nanosheets, indicating a further improvement in flame retardancy of PVC/BiOCl@CS-PA composite with the help of PA in the condensed phase. Microstructure and morphology of the char residue of PVC/BiOCl@CS-PA were analyzed to reveal the flame retardant mechanism. The results indicated that the joint action of PA and CS improves the quality of the char layer, which contributes to improving the flame retardancy in condensed-phase.

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Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2004185) and the Education Department of Henan Province (Key Project of Science and Technology Research, 19A430009).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China

    Huili Shi, Wenjing Zhao, Zhiwei Li, Xiaohong Li & Zhijun Zhang

  2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China

    Xiaowei Zhao

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  1. Huili Shi
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  2. Wenjing Zhao
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  3. Xiaowei Zhao
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  4. Zhiwei Li
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  5. Xiaohong Li
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Correspondence to Xiaowei Zhao or Zhiwei Li.

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Shi, H., Zhao, W., Zhao, X. et al. Fabrication of Bismuth Oxychloride Nanosheets Decorated with Chitosan and Phytic Acid for Improvement of Flexible Poly(vinyl chloride) Flame Retardancy. Fibers Polym 22, 2656–2663 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-021-0678-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-021-0678-6

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