Abstract
Let \({\mathbb {T}} = \{ \lambda \in {\mathbb {C}}: \mid \lambda \mid = 1\}. \) Every linear operator T on a complex Hilbert space \({\mathcal {H}}\) can be decomposed as
designated as the generalized Cartesian decomposition of T. Using the generalized Cartesian decomposition we obtain several lower and upper bounds for the numerical radius of bounded linear operators which refine the existing bounds. We prove that if T is a bounded linear operator on \({\mathcal {H}},\) then
This improves the existing bounds \(w(T)\ge \frac{1}{2}\Vert T\Vert \), \(w(T)\ge \Vert Re(T)\Vert \), \(w(T)\ge \Vert Im(T)\Vert \) and so \(w^2(T)\ge \frac{1}{4} \Vert T^*T+TT^*\Vert ,\) where Re(T) and Im(T) denote the the real part and the imaginary part of T, respectively. Further, using a lower bound for the numerical radius of a bounded linear operator, we develop upper bounds for the numerical radius of the commutator of operators which generalize and improve on the existing ones.
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Dr. Pintu Bhunia would like to thank SERB, Govt. of India for the financial support in the form of National Post Doctoral Fellowship (N-PDF, File No. PDF/2022/000325) under the mentorship of Professor Apoorva Khare. Anirban Sen would like to thank CSIR, Govt. of India for the financial support in the form of senior Research Fellowship under the mentorship of Professor Kallol Paul.
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Bhunia, P., Sen, A. & Paul, K. Generalized Cartesian decomposition and numerical radius inequalities. Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo, II. Ser 73, 887–897 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12215-023-00958-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12215-023-00958-5