Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A drug delivery device concept using a miniature tubular linear electromagnetic actuator: design, modeling and experimental validation

  • Research
  • Published:
Journal of Micro and Bio Robotics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

In this paper, we present a concept of an implantable drug delivery device able to deliver drugs in the duodenum for a long period of time (e.g. one month). This device will help to overcome therapeutic non-adherence which is the main reason why many patients do not obtain all the benefits they could expect from their medicines.

Methods

The presented device is based on a miniature tubular linear actuator capable to move at discrete positions inside a tube. Its small size and ability to realize small strokes makes it suitable for this type of biomedical application. Our research work mainly focuses on the actuator design. First, we present the electromagnetic modeling of the actuator followed by its experimental validation.

Results

Results show that the presented actuator can reach discrete positions inside the tube with an average displacement stroke value of 3.5 mm with a standard deviation of 0.1 mm for a 0.5 A supplied current. Finally, we validate the actuator as part of the complete drug delivery device where balls with a diameter of 3 mm, mimicking drug doses, were released from the tube one by one.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hugtenburg JG, Timmers L, Elders PJ, Vervloet M, van Dijk L (2013) Definitions, variants, and causes of nonadherence with medication: a challenge for tailored interventions. Patient Prefer Adherence 7:675–682

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Sabaté E, Sabaté E (2003) Adherence to long-term therapies: evidence for action. World Health Organ, Geneva

  3. Traverso G, Langer R (2015) Perspective: special delivery for the gut. Nature 519(7544):S19–S19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Yim S, Goyal K, Sitti M (2013) Magnetically actuated soft capsule with the multimodal drug release function. IEEE/ASME Trans Mechatron 18(4):1413–1418

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Woods SP, Constandinou TG (2013) Wireless capsule endoscope for targeted drug delivery: mechanics and design considerations. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 60(4):945–953

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Michaels A (1974) Drug delivery device with self actuated mechanism for retaining device in selected area. US3786813A

  7. Michaels AS, Bashwa JD, Zaffaroni A (1975) Integrated device for administering beneficial drug at programmed rate. US3901232A

  8. Salessiotis N (1972) Measurement of the diameter of the pylorus in man: Part I. Experimental project for clinical application. Am J Surg 124(3):331–333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Urquhart J, Theeuwes F (1984) Drug delivery system comprising a reservoir containing a plurality of tiny pills. US4434153A

  10. Caldwell LJ, Gardner CR, Cargill RC (1988) Drug delivery device which can be retained in the stomach for a controlled period of time. US4767627A

  11. Caldwell LJ, Gardner CR, Cargill RC, Higuchi T (1988) Drug delivery device which can be retained in the stomach for a controlled period of time. US4758436A

  12. Caldwell LJ, Gardner CR, Cargill RC (1988) Drug delivery device which can be retained in the stomach for a controlled period of time. US4735804A

  13. Bellinger AM, Jafari M, Grant TM et al (2016) Oral, ultra–long-lasting drug delivery: application toward malaria elimination goals. Sci Transl Med 8(365):365ra157-365ra157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Kumar A, Pillai J (2018) Chapter 13 - Implantable drug delivery systems: an overview. Nanostructures Eng Cells Tissues Organs 473–511

  15. Iacovacci V, Ricotti L, Dario P, Menciassi A (2014) Design and development of a mechatronic system for noninvasive refilling of implantable artificial pancreas. IEEE/ASME Trans Mechatron 20(3):1160–1169

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Iacovacci V, Tamadon I, Kauffmann EF, Pane S, Simoni V, Marziale L, Aragona M, Cobuccio L et al (2021) A fully implantable device for intraperitoneal drug delivery refilled by ingestible capsules. Sci Robot 6(57):eabh3328

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Gardner B, Jamous A, Teddy P, Bergstrom E, Wang D, Ravichandran G, Sutton R, Urquart S (1995) Intrathecal baclofen-a multicentre clinical comparison of the Medtronics Programmable, Cordis Secor and Constant Infusion Infusaid drug delivery systems. Paraplegia 33(10):551–554

    Google Scholar 

  18. Späth G, Helber M, Eisele R (1985) Continuous long term heparin therapy-dosage problems using an infusaid device. Life Support Syst J Eur Soc Artif Organs 3(1):57–59

    Google Scholar 

  19. Austenat E, Stahl T (2019) 9 The state of implantable insulin pump therapy. Insulin Pump Therapy: Indication-Method-Technology 115–118

  20. Encica L, Paulides JJH, Lomonova EA, Vandenput AJA (2008) Electromagnetic and thermal design of a linear actuator using output polynomial space mapping. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 44(2):534–542

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Khan H, Cuschieri A (2021) Low powered uni-directional actuator for wireless active enteroscopy. In: Actuator; international conference and exhibition on new actuator systems and applications, pp 1–4

  22. Yue W, Tang R, Wong JS, Ren H (2022) Deployable tubular mechanisms integrated with magnetic anchoring and guidance system. In: Actuators, MDPI 11(5);124. https://doi.org/10.3390/act11050124

  23. Zhu J, Lu H, Guo Y, Lin Z (2008) Development of electromagnetic linear actuators for micro robots. In: International conference on electrical machines and systems, IEEE, pp 3673–3679

  24. Phee L, Accoto D, Menciassi A, Stefanini C, Carrozza MC, Dario P (2002) Analysis and development of locomotion devices for the gastrointestinal tract. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 49(6):613–616

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Tung AT, Park BH, Koolwal A, Nelson B, Niemeyer G, Liang D (2006) Design and fabrication of tubular shape memory alloy actuators for active catheters. In: The first IEEE/RAS-EMBS international conference on biomedical robotics and biomechatronics, 2006. BioRob 2006, pp 775–780

  26. Abramson A, Dellal D, Kong YL, Zhou J, Gao Y, Collins J, Tamang S et al (2020) Ingestible transiently anchoring electronics for microstimulation and conductive signaling. Sci Adv 6(35):eaaz0127

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Mau MM, Sarker S, Terry BS (2021) Ingestible devices for long-term gastrointestinal residency: A review. Progress Biomed Eng 3(4):042001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Helander HF, Fändriks L (2014) Surface area of the digestive tract-revisited. Scand J Gastroenterol 49(6):681–689

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Arora N, Khan MU, Petit L, Lamarque F, Prelle C (2019) Design and development of a planar electromagnetic conveyor for the microfactory. IEEE/ASME Trans Mechatron 24(4):1723–1731

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work is supported by The Initiative Maîtrise des Systèmes Technologiques sûrs et Durables (MSTD) Alliance Sorbonne Université.

Funding

This work is supported by The Initiative Maîtrise des Systèmes Technologiques sûrs et Durables (MSTD) Alliance Sorbonne Université.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Laboratoire Roberval (Mécanique, Énergie et Électricité), 60200, Compiègne, France

    Mouna Ben Salem, Laurent Petit, Muneeb Ullah Khan, Christine Prelle & Frédéric Lamarque

  2. Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Service Électronique, 60200, Compiègne, France

    Jérémy Terrien

  3. Sorbonne Université, UMR - CNRS 7574, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 75005, Paris, France

    Thibaud Coradin

  4. Université de Rouen Normandie, UMR - CNRS 6270, Laboratoire Polymères, Biopolymères, Surfaces, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan, France

    Christophe Egles

Authors
  1. Mouna Ben Salem
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Laurent Petit
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Muneeb Ullah Khan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jérémy Terrien
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Christine Prelle
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Frédéric Lamarque
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Thibaud Coradin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Christophe Egles
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

The authors contributed equally to this work. M.B.S. contributed to the development, prototyping, modeling and experimental validation of the mentioned actuator and drug delivery device. She also wrote the main manuscript text. L.P. also contributed to the development and the modeling of the actuator and the experimental validation of the drug delivery device. He also participated in the review process. M.-u.K. was involved in the design process and the review of this article. J.T., C.P. and T.C. contributed to the design process of the drug delivery device and the review process of this article. F.L. and C.E. contributed to the design process and the discussion for the future advancement of this project. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mouna Ben Salem.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors have no competing interests, or other interests that might be perceived to influence the results and/or discussion reported in this paper.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ben Salem, M., Petit, L., Ullah Khan, M. et al. A drug delivery device concept using a miniature tubular linear electromagnetic actuator: design, modeling and experimental validation. J Micro-Bio Robot 18, 25–36 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12213-023-00153-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12213-023-00153-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation