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Genotypic response to heat stress in durum wheat and the expression of small HSP genes

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Abstract

Heat stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that limit wheat growth and yield. To breed heat-tolerant genotypes of durum wheat, a source of tolerance needs to be identified. The objectives of this paper were to evaluate the heat tolerance of seven durum wheat genotypes and to investigate the differential expression of four sHSP genes in heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive genotypes. 14-day-old seedlings were subjected to continuous high temperature of 45 °C for 24 h in a growth chamber, while growth of control seedlings was maintained at 25 °C. Heat tolerance among durum wheat genotypes was evaluated based on heat susceptibility index (HSI). Based on HSI, Haurani 27 and Acsad 65 were categorized as heat-tolerant genotypes, while Um Qais and Noorseih genotypes were categorized as heat sensitive. Two genotypes, Dairalla 6 and Haurani nawawi, were categorized as moderately heat tolerant. The remaining genotype, Sham 1, was categorized as moderately heat resistant. In response to heat stress, changes in the expression level of four sHSP genes (TdHSP26.5, TdHSP23.5, TdHSP17.6, and TdHSP16.9) were analyzed by qRT-PCR in heat-tolerant (Haurani 27 and Acsad 65) and heat-sensitive (Um Qais and Noorseih) wheat genotypes. Heat-tolerant genotypes exhibited higher expression levels of TdHSP26.5 and TdHSP23.5 than sensitive genotypes. The expression of TdHSP17.6 was significantly up-regulated in all genotypes with almost the same extent, while TdHSP16.9 expression was significantly enhanced only in Acsad 65. The observed expression of TdHSP26.5 (plastidal) and TdHSP23.5 (mitochondrial) might contribute to heat tolerance in durum wheat.

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Acknowledgments

The author is grateful to the National Center of Agricultural Research and Extension (NCARE, Jordan) for providing seeds of wheat genotypes. The author would like to thank the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa’ Applied University, Al-Salt, 19117, Jordan

    Saeid Abu-Romman

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Abu-Romman, S. Genotypic response to heat stress in durum wheat and the expression of small HSP genes. Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei 27, 261–267 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12210-015-0471-9

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