Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Using inlet guide vane to improve load following ability of solid oxide fuel cell and gas turbine hybrid cycle

  • Published:
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

High efficiency and high reliability with low emission of solid oxide fuel cell make them one of the best choices for distributed generation systems. Furthermore, the gas turbine power generation systems are completely developed in recent decades. Hybrid cycle of SOFC and gas turbine gathers these points and introduces the highest possible efficient system for building heating and power. The behavior of this cycle can be studied from a model of fuel cell, gas turbine and balance of plant. For each component a model is developed and the performance of the overall system analyzed by integrating each model. Load variation for SOFC-GT hybrid cycle in residential application is very wide. To adjust the net power and choosing best operation point for SOFC-GT hybrid cycle, an inlet guide vane (IGV) is used in the inlet of the compressor. In this study by using a dynamic model, transient effect of IGV angle on performance of SOFC-GT hybrid cycle is investigated. Also this model can be used for designing a controller for safe operation of this cycle while satisfying constraints of the hybrid cycle. Results showed that by using IGV, the off-design performance of the SOFC-GT cycle is enhanced.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. T.-D. Chung et al., Efficiency analyses of solid oxide fuel cell power plant systems, Applied Thermal Engineering, 28(8–9) (2008) 933–941.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. J. Thijssen, US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, and RDS, Report Number: R10204 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  3. O. A. Shaneb et al., Sizing of residential μCHP systems, Energy and Buildings, 43(8) (2011) 1991–2001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. A. Pfeiffer et al., Energy and building technology for the 2000 W society-Potential of residential buildings in Switzerland, Energy and Buildings, 37(11) (2005) 1158–1174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. T. Elmer et al., Emission and economic performance assessment of a solid oxide fuel cell micro-combined heat and power system in a domestic building, Applied Thermal Engineering, 90 (2015) 1082–1089.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. H. L. Willis and W. G. Scott, Distributed Power Generation: Planning and Evaluation, CRC Press (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  7. H. C. Patel et al., Thermodynamic analysis of solid oxide fuel cell gas turbine systems operating with various biofuels, Fuel Cells, 12(6) (2012) 1115–1128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. S. P. Harvey and H. J. Richter, As turbine cycles with solid oxide fuel cells —Part I: Improved gas turbine power plant efficiency by use of recycled exhaust gases and fuel cell technology, ASME. J. Energy Resour. Technol., 116(4) (1994) 305–311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. S. P. Harvey and H. J. Richter, Gas turbine cycles with solid oxide fuel cells —Part II: A detailed study of a gas turbine cycle with an integrated internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell, Jourl of Energy Resources Technology, 116 (1994) 312–318.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. E. Facchinetti et al., Design and optimization of an innovative solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid cycle for small scale distributed generation, Fuel Cells, 14(4) (2014) 595–606.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. R. Toonssen et al., System study on hydrothermal gasification combined with a hybrid solid oxide fuel cell gas turbine, Fuel Cells, 10(4) (2010) 643–653.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Y. Zhao et al., The development and application of a novel optimisation strategy for solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid cycles, Fuel Cells, 10(1) (2010) 181–193.

    Google Scholar 

  13. E. Facchinetti et al., Design and optimization of an innovative solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid cycle for small scale distributed generation, Fuel Cells, 14(4) (2014) 595–606.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. X. Lv et al., Determination of safe operation zone for an intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell and gas turbine hybrid system, Energy, 99 (2016) 91–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. S. H. Chan et al., Modeling for part-load operation of solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power plant, Journal of Power Sources, 114 (2003) 213–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. C. Stiller et al., Control strategy for a solid oxide fuel cell and gas turbine hybrid system, Journal of Power Sources, 158(1) (2006) 303–315.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. J. Milewski et al., Off-design analysis of SOFC hybrid system, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 32 (2007) 687–698.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. F. Mueller et al., Synergistic integration of a gas turbine and solid oxide fuel cell for improved transient capability, Journal of Power Sources, 176(1) (2008) 229–239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. R. A. Roberts et al., Fuel cell/gas turbine hybrid system control for daily load profile and ambient condition variation, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 132(1) (2010) 012302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. S.-R. Oh and J. Sun, Optimization and load-following characteristics of 5kw-class tubular solid oxide fuel cell/gas turbine hybrid systems, American Control Conference (ACC) (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  21. X.-J. Wu and X.-J. Zhu, Multi-loop control strategy of a solid oxide fuel cell and micro gas turbine hybrid system, Journal of Power Sources, 196(20) (2011) 8444–8449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. L. Barelli et al., Part load operation of a SOFC/GT hybrid system: Dynamic analysis, Applied Energy, 110 (2013) 173–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Y. Komatsu et al., Numerical analysis on dynamic behavior of solid oxide fuel cell with power output control scheme, Journal of Power Sources, 223 (2013) 232–245.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. S.-R. Oh et al., Dynamic characteristics and fast load following of 5-kW class tubular solid oxide fuel cell/micro-gas turbine hybrid systems, International Journal of Energy Research, 37(10) (2013) 1242–1255.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. J. Kurzke, How to get component maps for aircraft gas turbine performance calculations, ASME Turbo Expo (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  26. L. E. Wallner and R. J. Lubick, Steady state and surge characteristics of a compressor equipped with variable inlet guide vanes operating in a turbojet engine, NACA RM-E54I28 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  27. M. Coppinger, Aerodynamic performance of an industrial centrifugal compressor variable inlet guide vane system, Doctoral Thesis, Loughborough University (1999).

    Google Scholar 

  28. I. Kassens and M. Rautenberg, Flow measurements behind the inlet guide vane of a centrifugal compressor, ASME Paper No. 98-GT-86 (1998).

    Google Scholar 

  29. Y. H. Ho and B. Lakshminarayana, Computation of three-dimensional steady and unsteady flow through a compressor stage, ASME Paper 96-GT-70 (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  30. C. Stiller, Design, operation and control modelling of SOFC/GT hybrid systems, Ph.D Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (2006) 310.

    Google Scholar 

  31. V. Liso et al., Solid oxide fuel cell performance comparison fueled by methane, MeOH, EtOH and gasoline surrogate C8H18, Applied Thermal Engineering, 99 (2016) 1101–1109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. J. W. Kim, A. V. Virkar, K. Z. Fung, K. Mehta and S. C. Singhal, Polarization effects in intermediate temperature, anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 146 (1999) 69–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. J. Larminie and A. Dicks, Fuel Cell Systems Explained, Wiley (2003).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  34. P.-W. Li and M. K. Chyu, Simulation of the chemical/electrochemical reactions and heat/mass transfer for a tubular SOFC in a stack, Journal of Power Sources, 124 (2003) 487–498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. J. Xu and G. F. Froment, Methane steam reforming, methanation and water-gas shift: I. Intrinsic kinetics, AIChE Journal, 35(1) (1989) 88–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. T. Aloui and K. Halouani, Analytical modeling of polarizations in a solid oxide fuel cell using biomass syngas product as fuel, Applied Thermal Eng., 27(4) (2007) 731–737.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Y. Qi, B. Huang and J. Luo, 1-D dynamic modeling of SOFC with analytical solution for reacting gas-flow problem, AIChE Journal, 54 (2008) 1537–1553.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. X. Xue et al., Dynamic modeling of single tubular SOFC combining heat/mass transfer and electrochemical reaction effects, Journal of Power Sources, 142 (2005) 211–222.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. S. H. Chan et al., Energy and exergy analysis of simple solid-oxide fuel-cell power systems, Journal of Power Sources, 103 (2002) 188–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. S. Nagata et al., Numerical analysis of output characteristics of tubular SOFC with internal reformer, Journal of Power Sources, 101 (2001) 60–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. I. V. Derevich et al., Calculation of the reforming of oil gas by minimizing the gibbs free energy, Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering, 40 (2006) 183–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. C. Stiller et al., Finite-volume modeling and hybrid-cycle performance of planar and tubular solid oxide fuel cells, Journal of Power Sources, 141(2) (2005) 227–240.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. J. Jia et al., Effect of operation parameters on performance of tubular solid oxide fuel cell, AIChE Journal, 54(2) (2008) 554–564.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. S. Campanari and P. Iora, Definition and sensitivity analysis of a finite volume SOFC model for a tubular cell geometry, Journal of Power Sources, 132(1–2) (2004) 113–126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. P.-W. Li and M. K. Chyu, Simulation of the chemical/electrochemical reactions and heat/mass transfer for a tubular SOFC in a stack, Journal of Power Sources, 124(2) (2003) 487–498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. A. Hirano et al., Evaluation of a new solid oxide fuel cell system by non-isothermal modeling, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 139(10) (1992) 2744–2751.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. R. Suwanwarangkul et al., Modelling of a cathode-supported tubular solid oxide fuel cell operating with biomass-derived synthesis gas, Journal of Power Sources, 166(2) (2007) 386–399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. R. Kandepu et al., Modeling and control of a SOFC-GT-based autonomous power system, Energy, 32(4) (2007) 406–417.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. R. Suwanwarangkul et al., Mechanistic modelling of a cathode-supported tubular solid oxide fuel cell, Journal of Power Sources, 154(1) (2006) 74–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. P.-W. Li and K. Suzuki, Numerical modeling and performance study of a tubular SOFC, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 151(4) (2004) A548–A557.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. D. V. Demidov et al., Gibbs free energy minimization as a way to optimize the combined steam and carbon dioxide reforming of methane, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36 (2011) 5941–5950.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave., Tehran, Iran

    M. Boroumand & A. M. Tousi

Authors
  1. M. Boroumand
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. M. Tousi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. M. Tousi.

Additional information

Recommended by Associate Editor Tong Seop Kim

Abolghasem M. Tousi is a Professor of Department of Aerospace Engineering of Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran polytechnic), Tehran, Iran. He received his Ph.D. degree in mechanical engineering from Cranfield Institute of Technology. His research interests include experimental and numerical investigation of flow field in turbomachinery units. He is also interested in design and optimization of gas turbine and turbomachinery components.

Mohsen Boroumand obtained his B.S. and M.S. degrees at the Department of Aerospace Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Iran, in 2007 and 2010, respectively. His research interests include experimental and numerical design and analysis of gas turbine, dynamic modelling of hybrid cycles and optimizing of CHP systems. He is also interested in the design and testing of turbomachinery components to reach higher efficiency and also optimization of hybrid cycles of gas turbines.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Boroumand, M., Tousi, A.M. Using inlet guide vane to improve load following ability of solid oxide fuel cell and gas turbine hybrid cycle. J Mech Sci Technol 33, 1897–1905 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-017-1246-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-017-1246-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation