Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Evaluation of Structural Reliability for Reinforced Concrete Buildings Considering the Effect of Corrosion

  • Structural Engineering
  • Published:
KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Aims and scope

Abstract

An approach to evaluate the structural reliability taking into account the degradation of the structural capacity due to corrosion of reinforced concrete buildings at the end of a time interval is proposed. The structural reliability is expressed in terms of the confidence factor, within a Demand and Capacity Factor Design format (DCFD). A new closed-form mathematical expression that considers the non-linear structural capacity degradation due to corrosion by means of a second degree polynomial function is developed. The confidence factors are obtained under the assumption that the structural capacity degradation due to corrosion follows a linear and non-linear function over a time interval. The structural reliability is obtained for a three-story reinforced concrete building subjected to two sets of real seismic ground motions recorded in Acapulco Bay Mexico. Both, aleatory and epistemic uncertainties are taken into account into the analysis. A maximum difference of 3.5% between both functions after 83 years from the construction of the building was found.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Andrade, C., Alonso, C., and Molina, F. J. (1993). “Cover cracking as a function of bar corrosion: Part I-Experimental test.” Materials and Structures, Vol 26, No. 8, pp. 453–464, DOI: 10.1007/BF02472805.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Campos, D. and Esteva, L. (1997). “Hysteretic behavior and damage model for reinforced concrete beams.” Proc., 11th National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Veracruz, Mexico (in Spanish).

    Google Scholar 

  • Castañeda, H., Castro, P., González, C., and Genésica, J. (1997). “Modelo de difusión de cloruros en las estructuras de hormigón armado expuestas en la península de Yucatán (México).” Revista de Metalurgia, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp.387–392, DOI:10.3989/revmetalm.1997.v33.i6.834.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Celarec, D., Vamvatsikos, D., and Dolšek, M. (2011). “Simplified estimation of seismic risk for reinforced concrete buildings with consideration of corrosion over time.” Bulleting of Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.1137–1155, DOI: 10.1007/s10518-010-9241-3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Choe, D. E., Gardoni, P., Rosowsky, D., and Haukaas, T. (2009). “Seismic fragility estimates for reinforced concrete bridges subject to corrosion.” Structural Safety, Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 275–283, DOI: 10.1016/j.strusafe.2008.10.001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cornell, C. A. (1968). “Engineering seismic risk analysis.” Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 58, No. 5, pp. 1583–1606.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cornell, C. A., Jalayer, F., Hamburger, R. O., and Foutch, D. A. (2002). “Probabilistic basis for the 2000 SAC/FEMA steel moment frame guidelines.” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 128, No. 4, pp. 526–533, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2002)128:4(526).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Del Valle, A., Pérez, T., and Martínez, M. (2001). El fenómeno de la corrosión en estructuras de concreto reforzado, Instituto Mexicano del Transporte, Publicación No.182 (In Spanish).

    Google Scholar 

  • Enright, M. P. and Frangopol, D. M. (1998). “Service-life prediction of deteriorating concrete bridges.” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 124, No. 3, pp. 309–317, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:3(309).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Esteva, L. (1968) Basis for the formulation of decisions on seismic design, PhD Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (In Spanish).

    Google Scholar 

  • Esteva, L., Díaz-López, O., and García-Pérez, J. (2001). “Reliability functions for earthquake resistant design.” Reliability Engineering & System Safety, Vol. 73, No. 3, pp. 239–262, DOI: 10.1016/S0951-8320(01)00045-X.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Federal Emergency Management Agency (2000). Recommended Seismic Evaluation and Upgrade Criteria for Existing Welded Steel Moment-Frame Buildings, Report No. FEMA 351, SAC Joint Venture, Washington, D. C.

  • Frangopol, D. M., Lin, K. Y., and Estes, A. C. (1997). “Reliability of reinforced concrete girders under corrosion attack.” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 123, No. 3, pp. 286–297, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:3(286).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frangopol, D. M., Kong, J. S., and Gharaibeh, E. S. (2001). “Reliabilitybased life-cycle management of highway bridges.” Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 27–34, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3801(2001)15:1(27).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ghasemi, H., Brighenti, R., Zhuang, X., Muthu, J., and Rabczuk, T. (2015). “Optimal fiber content and distribution in fiber-reinforced solids using a reliability and NURBS based sequential optimization approach.” Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, Vol. 51, No. 1, pp. 99–112, DOI: 10.1007/s00158-014-1114-y.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Jalayer, F. and Cornell, C. A. (2009). “Alternative non-linear demand estimation methods for probability-based seismic assessments.” Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, Vol. 38, pp. 951–972, DOI: 10.1002/eqe.876.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, O. M., Hansen, P. F., Coats, A. M., and Glasser, F. P. (1999). “Chloride ingress in cement paste and mortar.” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 29, No. 9, pp. 1497–1504, DOI: 10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00131-3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, Y. and Weyers, R. E. (1998). “Modeling the time-to-corrosion cracking in chloride contaminated reinforced concrete structures.” ACI Materials Journal, Vol. 95, No. 6, pp. 675–680, DOI: 10.14359/410.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, M. and Frangopol, D. M. (2005). “Multiobjective maintenance planning optimization for deteriorating bridges considering condition, safety, and life-cycle cost.” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 131, No. 5, pp. 833–842, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:5(833).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mariaca, L., Genesca, J., Uruchurtu, J., and Salvador, L. (1999). Corrosividad Atmosférica (MICAT-México), Plaza y Valdés, Mexico, pp. 195–196 (In Spanish).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mexico City Building Code (2004) Reglamento de Construcciones del Distrito Federal, Gaceta Oficial (In Spanish).

  • Mori, Y. and Ellingwood, B. R. (1993). “Time-dependent system reliability analysis by adaptive importance sampling.” Structural Safety, Vol. 12, No.1, pp. 59–73, DOI: 10.1016/0167-4730(93)90018-V.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Powell, G. H. (1973). DRAIN 2D User’s Guide, Earthquake engineering research center, University of California Berkeley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rackwitz, R. (2001). “Reliability analysis—a review and some perspectives.” Structural Safety, Vol. 23, No.4, pp. 365–395, DOI: 10.1016/S0167-4730(02)00009-7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rainville, E. D. (1961). Intermediate Course in Differential Equations, John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 144–148.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt, G. (2009). Global needs for knowledge dissemination, research, and development in materials deterioration and corrosion control, World Corrosion Organization, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Straub, D. (2009). “Stochastic modeling of deterioration processes through dynamic Bayesian networks.” Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE, Vol. 135, No. 10, pp. 1089–1099, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000024.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Thoft-Christensen, P. (2001). “What happens with reinforced concrete structures when the reinforcement corrodes.” Proc., 2th International workshop on Life-Cycle cost analysis and design of civil infrastructure systems, Yamaguchi, Japan, pp. 35–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tolentino, D., Ruiz, S. E., and Torres, M. A. (2012). “Simplified closedform expressions for the mean failure rate of structures considering structural deterioration.” Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 483–496, DOI: 10.1080/15732479.2010.539067.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torres, M. A. and Ruiz, S. E. (2007). “Structural reliability evaluation considering capacity degradation over time.” Engineering Structures, Vol. 29, No. 9, pp. 2183–2192, DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.11.014.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Val, D. V., Stewart, M. G., and Melchers, R. E. (1998). “Effect of reinforcement corrosion on reliability of highway bridges.” Engineering Structures, Vol. 20, No. 11, pp. 1010–1019, DOI: 10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00197-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Val, D. V., Stewart, M. G., and Melchers, R. E. (2000). “Life-cycle performance of RC bridges: Probabilistic approach.” Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 14–25, DOI: 10.1111/0885-9507.00167.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vamvatsikos, D. and Cornell, C. A. (2002). “Incremental dynamic analysis.” Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, Vol. 31, No. 3, pp. 491–514, DOI: 10.1002/eqe.141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vu, K. A. T. and Stewart, M. G. (2000). “Structural reliability of concrete bridges including improved chloride-induced corrosion models.” Structural Safety, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 313–333, DOI: 10.1016/S0167-4730(00)00018-7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, ESIA Zacatenco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Gustavo A. Madero, DF, 07320, México

    Dante Tolentino & Carlos A. Carrillo-Bueno

Authors
  1. Dante Tolentino
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Carlos A. Carrillo-Bueno
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dante Tolentino.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Tolentino, D., Carrillo-Bueno, C.A. Evaluation of Structural Reliability for Reinforced Concrete Buildings Considering the Effect of Corrosion. KSCE J Civ Eng 22, 1344–1353 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-017-1650-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-017-1650-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation