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Characterization of the shsp genes in Drosophila buzzatii and association between the frequency of Valine mutations in hsp23 and climatic variables along a longitudinal gradient in Australia

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Cell Stress and Chaperones Aims and scope

Abstract

The small heat shock gene (shsp) cluster of Drosophila buzzatii was sequenced and the gene order and DNA sequence were compared with those of the shsps in Drosophila melanogaster. The D. buzzatii shsp cluster contains an inversion and a duplication of hsp26. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on hsp26 genes from several Drosophila species of the Sophophora and Drosophila subgenera. The tree shows first a separation of the Sophophora and the Drosophila subgenera and then the Drosophila subgenus is divided into the Hawaiian Drosophila and the repleta/virilis groups. Only the latter contain a duplicated hsp26. Comparing the gene organisation of the shsp cluster shows that all the Drosophila subgenus species contain the inversion. Putative heat shock elements (HSE) were found in the promoters of all the shsp and putative regulator elements for tissue specific expression were found in the promoter of hsp23, hsp27 and one of the hsp26 genes. hsp23 was found to be polymorphic for four non-synonymous changes that all lead to exchange of a Valine. The duplicated hsp26 gene in D. buzzatii (phsp26) was polymorphic for two non-synonymous changes. The allele frequencies of these variants were determined in nine D. buzzatii populations covering most of its distribution in Australia using high-resolution melting curves. The allele frequencies of one of the hsp23 variants showed a significant linear regression with longitude and the pooled frequency of the four Valine changes of hsp23 in the nine populations showed a significant linear regression with longitude and with a composite measure of climatic variables.

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Abbreviations

shsp :

small heat shock protein gene

HSE:

heat shock element

EcRE:

ecdysone response element

CTAB:

hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide

CNS:

conserved non-coding sequence

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Jesper G. Sørensen for help catching some of the Australian fly samples and Fabian Norry for some of the Argentinean fly samples, Jürgen Tomiuk and Cino Pertoldi for critical reading of the manuscript and the Novo Nordisk Foundation for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Ecology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade, Bldg. 1540, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark

    Jane Frydenberg & Volker Loeschcke

  2. School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia

    J. Stuart F. Barker

Authors
  1. Jane Frydenberg
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  2. J. Stuart F. Barker
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  3. Volker Loeschcke
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jane Frydenberg.

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Table S1

Homologous sequences in D. buzzatii and D. melanogaster hsp23 promoters (DOC 33 kb)

Table S2

Homologous sequences in D. buzzatii phsp26 and D. melanogaster hsp26 promoters (DOC 31 kb)

Table S3

Homologous sequences in D. buzzatii hsp26 and D. melanogaster hsp26 promoters (DOC 29 kb)

Table S4

Homologous sequences in D. buzzatii and D. melanogaster hsp27 promoters (DOC 31 kb)

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Frydenberg, J., Barker, J.S.F. & Loeschcke, V. Characterization of the shsp genes in Drosophila buzzatii and association between the frequency of Valine mutations in hsp23 and climatic variables along a longitudinal gradient in Australia. Cell Stress and Chaperones 15, 271–280 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12192-009-0140-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12192-009-0140-y

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