Abstract
Allozyme polymorphism in the colonizing populations ofD. buzzatii in Australia is quite low (average heterozygosity of 0.051 ± 0.025), but no comparative data are available for the species in other introduced populations or in its presumed area of origin, the Chaco of Argentina. For 12 localities in Argentina and five in Brazil, average expected heterozygosity is not significantly different from that in Australia. However, there appears to have been a loss of genetic variability on introduction of the species to Australia, as five loci are variable in South America that are monomorphic in Australia, and one additional allele was detected at each of six other loci in South America. Our results for inversion polymorphism in Argentina are consistent with previous data, but some Brazilian populations apparently have reduced inversion polymorphism. With the exception of those nearest the Chaco, these Brazilian populations may have resulted from passive colonization within historical times due to transport by man, and could represent both primary and secondary colonizations. However, the allozyme data do not readily fit a colonization hypothesis, and theD. buzzatii populations of both northeast and southeast Brazil may be relic populations. More detailed study of inversion and allozyme polymorphism in Brazil is necessary to provide critical data on the evolutionary history of this species.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ayala, F. J., Powell, J. R., Tracey, M. L., Mourão, C. A. & Pérez-Salas, S., 1972. Enzyme variability in the Drosophila willistoni group. IV. Genetic variation in natural populations of Drosophila willistoni. Genetics 70: 113–139.
Ayala, F. J., Tracey, M. L., Barr, L. G., McDonald, J. F. & Pérez-Salas, S., 1974. Genetic variation in natural populations of five Drosophila species and the hypothesis of the selective neutrality of protein polymorphisms. Genetics 77: 343–384.
Barker, J. S. F., 1977. Cactus-breeding Drosophila — A system for the measurement of natural selection. In: F. B. Christiansen & T. Fenchel. eds. Measuring selection in natural populations, Vol. 19 of Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, pp. 403–430. Springer. Berlin.
Barker, J. S. F., 1981. Selection at allozyme loci in cactophilic Drosophila. In: J. B. Gibson & J. G. Oakeshott, eds, Genetic studies of Drosophila populations, pp. 161–184. Australian National University. Canberra.
Barker, J. S. F. & Mulley, J. C., 1976. Isozyme variation in natural populations of Drosophila buzzatii. Evolution 30: 213–233.
Carson, H. L., 1959. Genetic conditions which promote or retard the formation of species. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. quant. Biol. 24: 87–105.
Carson, H. L. & Wasserman, M., 1965. A widespread chromosomal polymorphism in a widespread species, Drosophila buzzatii. Am. Natur. 99: 111–115.
Dobzhansky, Th., 1951. Genetics and the origin of species. 3rd ed., Columbia Univ. Press, N.Y.
Fontdevila, A., Ruiz, A., Alonso, G. & Ocaña, J., 1981. Evolutionary history of Drosophila buzzatii. I. Natural chromosomal polymorphism in colonized populations of the Old World. Evolution 35: 148–157.
Fontdevila, A., Ruiz, A., Ocaña, J. & Alonso, G., 1982. Evolutionary history of Drosophila buzzatii. II. How much has chromosomal polymorphism changed in colonization. Evolution 36: 843–851.
Heed, W. B., 1981. Central and marginal populations revisited. Drosophila Inf. Serv. 56: 60–61.
Koehn, R. K. & Eanes, W. F., 1978. Molecular structure and protein variation within and among populations. Evol. Biol. 11: 39–100.
Lewontin, R. C., 1957. The adaptations of populations to varying environments. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. quant. Biol. 22:395–407.
Lewontin, R. C., 1974. The genetic basis of evolutionary change. Columbia Univ. Press, N.Y.
Mann, J., 1970. Cacti naturalised in Australia and their control. S. G. Reid, Government Printer. Brisbane.
Nei, M., 1978. Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individuals. Genetics 89: 583–590.
Pereira, M. A. Q. R., Vilela, C. R. & Sene, F. M., 1983. Notes on breeding and feeding sites of some species of the repleta group of the genus Drosophila (Diptera. Drosophilidae). Ci. e Cult., São Paulo 35: 1313–1319.
Poulik, M. D., 1957. Starch gel electrophoresis in a discontinuous system of buffers. Nature 180: 1477–1479.
Ruiz, A. & Fontdevila, A., 1981. Two new chromosome arrangements in D. buzzatii. Drosophila Inf. Serv. 56: 111–114.
Ruiz, A., Fontdevila, A. & Wasserman, M., 1982. The evolutionary history of Drosophila buzzatii. III. Cytogenetic relationships between two sibling species of the buzzatii cluster. Genetics 101: 503–518.
Sene, F. de M., Pereira, M. A. Q. R. & Vilela, C. R., 1982. Evolutionary aspects of cactus breeding Drosophila species in South America. In: J. S. F. Barker & W. T. Starmer, eds. Ecological genetics and evolution. The Cactus-Yeast-Drosophila model system, pp. 97–106. Academic Press Australia, Sydney.
Sene, F. M., Val, F. C., Vilela, C. R. & Pereira, M. A. Q. R., 1980. Preliminary data on the geographical distribution of Drosophila species within morphoclimatic domains of Brazil. Papeis Avulsos Zool., S. Paulo 33: 315–326.
Shaw, C. R. & Prasad, R., 1970. Starch gel electrophoresis of enzymes A compilation of recipes. Biochem. Genet. 4: 277–320.
Soulé, M., 1973. The epistasis cycle: A theory of marginal populations. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 4: 165–187.
Taylor, C. E. & Powell, J. R., 1983. Population structure of Drosophila: Genetics and ecology. In: M. Ashburner, H. L. Carson & J. N. Thompson, Jr., eds. The genetics and biology of Drosophila, Vol. 3d, pp. 29–59. Academic Press, London.
Ursprung, H. & Leone, J., 1965. Alcohol dehydrogenases: A polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster. J. Exp. Zool. 160:147–154.
Vilela, C. R., Sene, F. de M. & Pereira, M. A. Q. R., 1980. On the Drosophila fauna of Chaco and east slopes of the Andes in Argentina. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 40: 837–841.
Wasserman, M., 1954. Cytological studies of the repleta group. Univ. Texas Publ. 5422: 130–152.
Wasserman, M., 1962. Cytological studies of the repleta group of the genus Drosophila: V. The mulleri subgroup. Univ. Texas Publ. 6205: 85–117.
Wharton, L. T., 1942. Analysis of the repleta group of Drosophila. Univ. Texas Publ. 4228: 23-52.
Zouros, E., 1973. Genic differentiation associated with the early stages of speciation in the mulleri subgroup of Drosophila. Evolution 27: 601–21.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Barker, J.S.F., de M. Sene, F., East, P.D. et al. Allozyme and chromosomal polymorphism ofDrosophila buzzatii in Brazil and Argentina. Genetica 67, 161–170 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02424487
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02424487