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Validation of the Analytical Procedure for the Determination of Malondialdehyde and Three Other Aldehydes in Vegetable Oil Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and Application to Linseed Oil

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Abstract

Secondary oxidation products of fatty acids, mainly aldehydes, are susceptible to cause significant deterioration in chemical, sensory and nutritional food properties, as well as adverse health effects. An analytical method involving separation by liquid chromatography coupled to the detection by tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been developed to evaluate the concentration of four aldehydes in oil samples: malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (4-HHE) and 2,4-decadienal (2,4-DECA). The optimisation of the extraction, derivation, detection and quantification has been finalised for coconut oil, used as a model of vegetable oils. The method has been validated according to the criteria and procedure described in international standards. The evaluated parameters include specificity/selectivity, recovery, precision, accuracy, uncertainty, limits of detection and quantification, using the concept of accuracy profiles. These parameters have been evaluated during experiments planned on different non-consecutive days with coconut oil spiked at different levels of concentration. The validation of the developed analytical method showed that it is possible to analyse MDA, 4-HHE, 4-HNE and 2,4-decadienal in oil samples, in the same run, with a very good accuracy for MDA, and a defined accuracy at specified concentrations for the three other aldehydes. The accuracy profile of MDA showed a recovery rate of 100 % (±1) and a maximum coefficient of variation for the intermediate precision of 14 % at 0.15 mg kg−1. For the three other aldehydes, recovery rates ranged between 79 and 101 % and coefficient of variation for the intermediate precision between 13 and 23 %. In first pressure linseed oil, stored for several days at 60 °C according to the Schaal oven test, it was shown that 4-HHE was the most produced aldehyde, reaching levels of 85 and 382 μmol kg−1 after 12 and 24 days, respectively, versus levels of 18 and 28 μmol MDA kg−1 of oil, respectively, and 17 and 51 μmol 4-HNE kg−1 of oil.

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Acknowledgments

Authors are grateful to the “Service public de Wallonie - DGO 6” for financial support.

Conflict of Interest

Caroline DOUNY declares that she has no conflict of interest. Angélique Tihon declares that she has no conflict of interest. Pierre Bayonnet declares that he has no conflict of interest. François Brose declares that he has no conflict of interest. Guy Degand declares that he has no conflict of interest. Eric Rozet declares that he has no conflict of interest. Jérôme Milet declares that he has no conflict of interest. Laurence Ribonnet declares that she has no conflict of interest. Loranne Lambin declares that she has no conflict of interest. Yvan Larondelle declares that he has no conflict of interest. Marie-Louise Scippo declares that she has no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis, FARAH-Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43bis, bld de Colonster 20, Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium

    Caroline Douny, Angélique Tihon, Pierre Bayonnet, François Brose, Guy Degand & Marie-Louise Scippo

  2. Arlenda S.A., Rue Edouard Belin 7, 1435, Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium

    Eric Rozet

  3. Institut des Sciences de la Vie, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud, 2/8, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

    Laurence Ribonnet, Loranne Lambin & Yvan Larondelle

  4. Oxylent SA, 15 Chemin du Fundus, 7822, Ghislenghien, Belgium

    Jérôme Milet

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  1. Caroline Douny
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  2. Angélique Tihon
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Correspondence to Caroline Douny.

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Douny, C., Tihon, A., Bayonnet, P. et al. Validation of the Analytical Procedure for the Determination of Malondialdehyde and Three Other Aldehydes in Vegetable Oil Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and Application to Linseed Oil. Food Anal. Methods 8, 1425–1435 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-014-0028-z

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