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Determination of 4-Allyl Resorcinol and Chavibetol from Piper betle Leaves by Subcritical Water Extraction Combined with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

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Abstract

A method has been developed for the determination of 4-allyl resorcinol and chavibetol from Piper betle leaves using subcritical water extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. Several important parameters, such as effect of extraction temperature, solvent, particle size, flow rate and duration time of extraction were comprehensively optimized. The method showed good linearity in the range of 0.2–30 μg/mL, good correlation coefficients 0.9999 for all studies, acceptable reproducibility (RSD 0.16-5.43, n = 3), low limit of detection (0.1 μg/mL), satisfactory average recoveries of (92.22 to 111.05 %) from subcritical extraction with water with RSDs of 0.31 to 7.96 %whereas, the average recoveries from subcritical extraction with methanol–water ranged from (96.58 to 110.72) with RSDs of 0.79 to 8.09 %. The method exhibit high extraction yield in range of (1.51 to 34.64 % w/w) obtained from subcritical extraction with water whereas for subcritical extraction with methanol–water the yield obtained in range of (2.08 to 9.06 % w/w). It was found that subcritical extraction with water offered improved extraction efficiency in extraction of the target compounds compared to subcritical extraction with methanol–water.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Universiti Teknologi Malaysia for facilitations, Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (MOHE) for financial support through Research Grant Vote Number Q.J130000.2426.00G04 and the Sudan government for study leave and scholarship for Taysir Abdelrhman Musa.

Conflict of interests

Taysir Abdelrhman Musa declares that she has no conflict of interest. Mohd Marsin Sanagi declares that he has no conflict of interest. Wan Aini Wan Ibrahim declares that she has no conflict of interest. Farediah Ahmad declares that she has no conflict of interest. Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein declares that he has no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Taysir Abdelrhman Musa, Mohd Marsin Sanagi, Wan Aini Wan Ibrahim & Farediah Ahmad

  2. Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Mohd Marsin Sanagi & Wan Aini Wan Ibrahim

  3. Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12311, Cairo, Egypt

    Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein

Authors
  1. Taysir Abdelrhman Musa
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  2. Mohd Marsin Sanagi
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  3. Wan Aini Wan Ibrahim
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  4. Farediah Ahmad
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  5. Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein
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Correspondence to Mohd Marsin Sanagi or Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein.

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Musa, T.A., Sanagi, M.M., Wan Ibrahim, W.A. et al. Determination of 4-Allyl Resorcinol and Chavibetol from Piper betle Leaves by Subcritical Water Extraction Combined with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Food Anal. Methods 7, 893–901 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-013-9697-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-013-9697-2

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