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Gastroenteritis in Haryana, India Post Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine

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Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the epidemiology of rotavirus gastroenteritis in Haryana post-introduction of rotavirus vaccine. Expanded National rotavirus surveillance network in India reported high burden of rotavirus diarrhea in India. The Government of India introduced the monovalent rotavirus vaccine made in India by Bharat Biotech in the national immunization programme from 2016 onward along with oral polio vaccine (OPV) and Pentavalent vaccines.

Methods

A multi-centric, hospital-based surveillance study in the initial vaccine introducing states was started in a phased manner over a period of 3 y. PGIMS, Rohtak is a tertiary care center and was a part of the surveillance from 2016 to 2019. Children aged 0–59 mo admitted with acute gastroenteritis were enrolled into the surveillance and their stool samples were collected. Samples were tested at Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore to detect rotavirus and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for G and P typing.

Results

A total of 904 children were enrolled in the present surveillance over a period of 3 y starting 1st July 2016 to 30th June 2019. Stool samples were collected and analyzed for 827 children and out of them 141 samples were positive for rotavirus (17.1%). Maximum rotavirus positivity was observed during the winter months. Rotavirus positivity percentage was observed maximum in 12–23 mo age group. A declining trend was observed in rotavirus positivity from 22.8% in 2016 to 14.5% in 2019. Most common strains of rotavirus isolated were G3P[8] followed by G1P[8].

Conclusion

This study highlights that epidemiology of acute gastroenteritis among children less than 5 y of age in Haryana postintroduction of rotavirus vaccination in the state and the decline in rotavirus positivity from 22.8% in 2016 to 14.5% in 2019.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the co-operation by all participants, parents/guardians and surveillance staff. They thank the team at Christian Medical College, Vellore for support, and the children and families for participation.

Funding

This work was supported by grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA (subcontract to Christian Medical College, Vellore grant no MOA#871-15SC) and the Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (grant no OPP1165083). The study was supported by the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi; Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India and the State government of the participating institution.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Pt. BD Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (Pt BDS-PGIMS), Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India

    Poonam Dalal, Geeta Gathwala & Jasbir Singh

  2. The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Nayana P. Nair & Varunkumar Thiyagarajan

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  1. Poonam Dalal
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  2. Geeta Gathwala
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  5. Varunkumar Thiyagarajan
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Contributions

PD and GG conceived the paper and obtained approvals for the project. NPN and VT did the analysis of the data. PD wrote the first draft, GG and JS revised the draft. All authors read, critically revised, and approved final manuscript. GG will act as guarantor for this paper.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Geeta Gathwala.

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Ethics Approval

The project was approved by Institutional Ethics Committee of Pt. B. D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana (India).

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Dalal, P., Gathwala, G., Singh, J. et al. Gastroenteritis in Haryana, India Post Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine. Indian J Pediatr 88 (Suppl 1), 10–15 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-020-03614-3

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