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The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in colorectal cancer: potential therapeutic target

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Abstract

All phases of carcinogenesis are affected by inflammation. Activation of the inflammasome is a crucial signaling mechanism that leads to acute and chronic inflammation. When specific nucleotide-binding domains, leucine-rich repeat-containing proteins (NLRs) are activated, inflammasomes are formed. The NLRP3 is one of the NLR family members with the most functional characterization. NLRP3 can modulate the immune systems, apoptosis, growth, and/or the gut microbiome to impact cancer development. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers, and it begins as a tissue overgrowth on the internal part of the rectum or colon. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that the NLRP3 inflammasome has a role in CRC development due to its broad activity in shaping immune responses. Here, onwards, we focus on the NLRP3 inflammasome role in CRC development, as well as the therapeutic prospective of modifying NLRP3 inflammasome in the context of anti-cancer therapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Somayeh Vafaei

  2. Internal Medicine Cellular and Molecular, Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Fellowship of GI in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran

    Hamed Taheri

  3. Islamic Azad University of Medical Science, Qeshm International Branch, Qeshm, Iran

    Yasamin Hajimomeni

  4. Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran

    Amirhossein Fakhre Yaseri

  5. Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Firoozeh Abolhasani Zadeh

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  1. Somayeh Vafaei
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SV and FA contributed to the idea design and literature search. HT and YH wrote parts of the manuscript. AF contributed to designing the figures.

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Correspondence to Firoozeh Abolhasani Zadeh.

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Vafaei, S., Taheri, H., Hajimomeni, Y. et al. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in colorectal cancer: potential therapeutic target. Clin Transl Oncol 24, 1881–1889 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-022-02861-4

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