Anthropometric Overview of Lower Alar Cartilage: An Indian Perspective

Abstract

The anatomy of the lower lateral cartilage varies according to the ethnicity of the patient. Considering that the manipulation of the lower lateral cartilage has become more prevalent in Indian rhinoplasties, understanding the comprehensive anatomy is of utmost importance. The aim of this descriptive study was to evaluate the anthropometric and morphological variations of the lower lateral cartilage in Indian noses and to compare this data from studies of various ethnic groups. Seventy lower lateral cartilages of thirty-five patients of Indian origin who underwent primary open rhinoplasty were dissected and assessed intraoperatively. There was no previous history of nasal trauma. The medial, middle and lateral distances from the caudal border of the alar cartilage to the alar rim were measured. Morphology of the cartilage was assessed. The results were analysed and comparison were made between the genders and various ethnic groups. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in terms of length, width, distance from the alar rim, compared to the other study. Convex type (56%) of lateral crura was most commonly seen, with no significant gender difference. This study highlights the anatomical differences among various ethnic groups and stresses the need to be aware of the complexities of the anatomical aspect of the cartilage, to avoid complications and provide acceptable aesthetic result to the patient.