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Shape factor and temperature-dependent viscosity analysis for the unsteady flow of magnetic Al\(_2\)O\(_3\)–TiO\(_2/\)C\(_2\)H\(_6\)O\(_2\)–H\(_2\)O using Legendre wavelet technique

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Abstract

The unsteady flow of fluids is crucial for real-world applications, efficiency and performance optimisation in various sectors, such as engineering, environmental impact research and developing technologies. Shape of nanoparticles in hybrid nanofluids is important for optimising energy applications and customising the performance of the nanofluid as it has effect on heat transport, material characteristics and stability. Considering the importance of unsteady flow and the shape factor of the nanoparticles, the present study aims to explore the solution of the unsteady flow problem of hybrid nanofluid over a stretching surface embedded within the porous medium. This study deals with the shape factor analysis by considering four shapes: brick, lamina, platelet and blade. The Legendre wavelet collocation technique is implemented to obtain the solution of the problem. It is revealed by creating a pie chart that the thermal conductivity is found to be maximum for lamina-shaped nanoparticles (i.e., 32%) while it is minimum for brick-shaped nanoparticles (i.e., 20%). The rate of heat transfer enhancement is also presented by the waterfall graph. The graph disclosed that on increasing the volume fraction of TiO\(_2\) from 1 to 10%, the rate of heat transfer is enhanced by 39.63%. The velocity profiles are inversely related to the temperature-dependent viscosity and velocity slip parameter.

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Acknowledgements

Research was supported by UGC (NTA Ref No. 211610042170)/2021 (NET/CSIR)), Government of India and gratefully acknowledged by the first author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India

    Tanya Gupta & Manoj Kumar

  2. Department of Mathematics, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, 248002, India

    Alok Kumar Pandey

Authors
  1. Tanya Gupta
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  2. Alok Kumar Pandey
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  3. Manoj Kumar
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Correspondence to Alok Kumar Pandey.

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Gupta, T., Pandey, A.K. & Kumar, M. Shape factor and temperature-dependent viscosity analysis for the unsteady flow of magnetic Al\(_2\)O\(_3\)–TiO\(_2/\)C\(_2\)H\(_6\)O\(_2\)–H\(_2\)O using Legendre wavelet technique. Pramana - J Phys 98, 73 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12043-024-02756-9

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