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Cross-over from microcanonical ensemble to canonical ensemble by using Gaussian ensemble for a long-range interacting spin chain

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Abstract

Contrary to the common thermodynamic systems, systems with long-range interaction may cause non-concavity of \(s(\varepsilon )\) curves. In this paper, we propose a long-range interacting Ising chain in a staggered magnetic field model which has a non-concave entropy part. In this model, the first phase transition is accompanied by the phenomenon of temperature jump in microcanonical ensemble when proper magnetic field intensity is met, while this jump cannot be observed in canonical ensemble, which shows the non-equivalence of different ensembles. To exhibit the cross-over process from microcanonical to canonical, the cross-over phase transition properties are exhibited recently by putting the chain in thermal contact with an adjustable two-level heat reservoir. In this paper, we introduce a different method by employing Gaussian ensemble to show the cross-over process reversely, i.e., from canonical to microcanonical ensembles. As shown in this paper, by adjusting the parameters of the supporting parabolas in the Gaussian ensemble, one can observe the caloric curve of the system in any Gaussian ensemble.

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Acknowledgements

This work was jointly supported by the Educational Reform and Research Foundation of Southeast University under Grant 2019-074 and the Physical Education Foundation of Higher Education Steering Committee of the Ministry of Education.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China

    Yu-Chen Yao & Ji-Xuan Hou

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  1. Yu-Chen Yao
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  2. Ji-Xuan Hou
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Correspondence to Ji-Xuan Hou.

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Yao, YC., Hou, JX. Cross-over from microcanonical ensemble to canonical ensemble by using Gaussian ensemble for a long-range interacting spin chain. Pramana - J Phys 96, 36 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12043-021-02284-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12043-021-02284-w

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