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Inductive effect of methyl group in a series of methylated indoles: A graph theoretical analysis in the light of density functional theory and correlation with experimental charge transfer transition energies

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Abstract

The inductive effect of methyl group has been quantified by expressing highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and HOMO–1 energies of indole and a series of methylated indoles using a combination of graph theory (GT) and the Coulson–Longuett–Higgins perturbation method. By correlating these expressions with the corresponding Kohn–Sham orbital energies of the indoles obtained by density functional theory (DFT) calculation at the B3LYP/6–31+ +G(d,p) and M06–2X/6–31+ +G(d,p) levels of theory, the inductive effect parameter h Me has been estimated; the Coulomb integral α of π-conjugated carbon atom also comes out from the analysis. A correlation of the GT results with the HOMO and HOMO–1 energies obtained by the HF/STO–3G method yield almost the same values of h Me and α. Finally, when these estimated h Me and α are used to calculate the vertical ionization potentials of the methylated indoles in the series, an excellent correlation with experimental charge transfer transition energies of their molecular complexes with tetracyanoethylene is obtained which complies with Mulliken’s theory of charge transfer.

Inductive effect of methyl group has been quantified and the Coulomb integral α of π-conjugated C-atom has been estimated by comparing the graph theoretically calculated orbital energies of methylindoles with those obtained by HF/STO–3G, DFT/B3LYP/ 6–31++G(d,p) and DFT/M06–2X/6-31++G(d,p) methods. Results correlate well with experimental CT transition energies.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are thankful to the learned reviewers for their valuable comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Netaji Mahavidyalaya, Arambagh, Hooghly 712 601, India

    AMIT S TIWARY

  2. Digital Computer System, 112, R B Ghosh Road, Burdwan, 713 101, India

    ASOK K MUKHERJEE

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  1. AMIT S TIWARY
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Correspondence to AMIT S TIWARY.

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TIWARY, A.S., MUKHERJEE, A.K. Inductive effect of methyl group in a series of methylated indoles: A graph theoretical analysis in the light of density functional theory and correlation with experimental charge transfer transition energies. J Chem Sci 125, 905–912 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12039-013-0436-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12039-013-0436-4

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