Abstract
We study the radiation properties of an accretion disc around a rotating black hole. We solve the hydrodynamic equations and calculate the transonic solutions of accretion disc in the presence of shocks. Then we use these solutions to generate the radiation spectrum in the presence of radiative heating and cooling processes. We present the effect of spin parameter of the black hole on the emitted radiation spectrum. In addition, attention has also been paid to the variation in energy spectral index with Kerr parameter and accretion rate. We find that spectral index becomes harder as the spin parameter changes from negative (accretion disc is counter-rotating with respect to the black hole spin) to a positive value. Finally, we compute and compare the spectral characteristics due to a free-fall flow and a transonic flow. We notice significant differences in high energy contributions from these two solutions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abramowicz M. A. et al. 1995, ApJ, 452, 379
Artemova I. V., Bjoernsson G., Novikov I. D. 1996, ApJ, 461, 565
Bao, G., Hadrava, P., Ostgaard, E. 1994, ApJ, 425, 63
Bell A. R. 1978a, MNRAS, 182, 147
Bell A. R. 1978b, MNRAS, 182, 443
Belloni T., Méndez M., Sánchez-Fernández C. 2001, A&A, 372, 551
Belloni T., Homan J., Casella P. et al. 2005, A&A, 440, 207
Bondi H. 1952, MNRAS, 112, 195
Chakrabarti S. K. 1989, ApJ, 347, 365
Chakrabarti S. K. 1990, Theory of Transonic Astrophysical Flows, World Scientific, Singapore, Volume 150
Chakrabarti S. K. 1996, MNRAS, 283, 325
Chakrabarti S. K., Khanna R. 1992, MNRAS, 256, 30
Chakrabarti S. K., Titarchuk L. G. 1995, ApJ, 455, 623
Chakrabarti S. K., Mandal S. 2006, ApJL, 642, L49
Chakrabarti S. K., Mondal S. 2006, MNRAS, 369, 976
Chattopadhyay I., Chakrabarti S. K. 2002, MNRAS, 333, 454
Colpi M., Maraschi L., Treves A. 1984, ApJ, 280, 319
Cunningham C. T. 1975, ApJ, 202, 788
Das S. 2007, MNRAS, 376, 1659
Dermer C. D., Liang E. P., Canfield E. 1991, ApJ, 369, 410
Ebisawa K., Mitsuda K. 1991, ApJ, 367, 213
Fragile P. C., Blaes O. M., Anninos P., Salmonson J. D. 2007, ApJ, 668, 417
Fukue J. 1987, PASJ, 39, 309
Galeev A. A., Rosner R., Vaiana G. S. 1979, ApJ, 229, 318
Giri K., Chakrabarti S. K. 2013, MNRAS, 430, 2836
Hanawa T. 1989, ApJ, 341, 948
Hawley J. F., Villiers J. D. 2004, PThPS, 155, 132
Ichimaru S. 1977, ApJ, 214, 840
Ivanov R. I., Prodanov E. M. 2005, Phys. Lett. B, 611, 34
Iyer N., Nandi A., Mandal S. 2015, ApJ, 807, 108
Jorstad S. G., Marscher Alan P. 2004, ApJ, 614, 615
Li L. et al. 2005, ApJS, 157, 335
Ling J. C., Wheaton W. A. 2005, Astron. Astrophys., 5, 80
Lightman A. P., Eardley D. M. 1974, ApJ, 187, L1
Luminet J. P. 1979, A&A, 75, 228
McConnell M. L. et al. 2002, ApJ, 572, 984
McKinney J. C., Chluba J., Wielgus M. et al. 2017, MNRAS, 467, 2241
Mandal S., Chakrabarti S. K. 2005, A&A, 434, 839
Matsumoto R., Kato S., Fukue J., Okazaki A. T. 1984, PASJ, 36, 71
Mirabel I. F., Rodríguez L. F. 1999, ARA&A, 37, 409
Mondal S., Chakrabarti S. K. 2006, MNRAS, 371, 1418
Morrison R., McCammon D. 1983, ApJ, 270, 119
Muchotrzeb B., Paczyński B. 1982, Acta Astron., 32, 1
Mukhopadhyay B. 2002, ApJ, 581, 427
Nandi A., Debnath D., Mandal S., Chakrabarti S. K. 2012, A&A, 542, 56
Narayan R., Yi I. 1995, ApJ, 452, 710
Narayan R., Sa̧dowski A., Soria R. 2017, MNRAS, 469, 2997
Novikov I. D., Thorne K. S. 1973, in Dewitt C., Dewitt B., eds, Black Holes, Gordon & Breach, New York, Volume 343.
Orosz J. A., Bailyan C. D. 1997, AJ, 477, 876
Paczyński B., Wiita P. J. 1980, A&A, 88, 23
Page D. N., Thorne K. S. 1974, ApJ, 191, 499
Patrick A. R., Reeves J. N., Porquet D. et al. 2012, MNRAS, 426, 2522
Pottschmidt K. et al. 2003, A&A, 411, 383
Rees M. J., Begelman M. C., Blandford R. D., Phinney E. S. 1982, Nature, 295, 17
Reeves J. N., Fabian A. C., Kataoka J. et al. 2006, Astron. Nachr., 327, 1079
Remillard R. A. et al. 1997, in Olinto A., Frieman J., Schramm D., eds, Proceedings of the 18th Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics, University of Chicago
Remillard R. A., McClintock J. E. 2006, ARA&A, 44, 49
Rybicki G. B., Lightman A. P. 1979, Radiative Processes in Astrophysics, Wiley, New York
Rumph T., Bowye S., Vennes S. 1994, ApJ, 101, 2108
Sabatini S., Tavani M., Coppi P. et al. 2013, ApJ, 766, 83
Sa̧dowski A., Narayan R., McKinney J. C. et al. 2014, MNRAS, 439, 503
Sa̧dowski A., Narayan R., Tchekhovskoy A. et al. 2015, MNRAS, 447, 49S
Sa̧dowski A., Wielgus M., Narayan R. et al. 2017, MNRAS, 466, 705
Semerák O., Karas V. 1999, A&A, 343, 325
Shakura N. I., Sunyaev R. 1973, A&A, 24, 337
Smith D., Heindl W. A., Markwardt J. H., Swank, J. H. 2001, ApJ, 554, L41
Smith D. M., Heindl W. A., Swank J. H. 2002, ApJ, 569, 362
Sponholz H., Molteni D. 1994, MNRAS, 271, 233
Sun W. H., Malkan M. A. 1989, ApJ, 346, 68
Sunyaev R. A., Titarchuk L. G. 1980, A&A, 86, 121
Sunyaev R. A., Titarchuk L. G. 1985, A&A, 143, 374
Strohmayer T. E. 2001, A&A, 554, L169
You B., Cao X., Yuan Y. 2012, ApJ, 761, 10
Zhang S. N., Cui W., Chen W. 1997, ApJ, 482, L155
Zeldovich Y. B., Raizer Y. P. 1968, Elements of Gas Dynamics and the Classical Theory of Shock Waves, Academic Press, New York
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mandal, S., Mondal, S. Spectral properties of the accretion discs around rotating black holes. J Astrophys Astron 39, 19 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-017-9509-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-017-9509-y