Abstract
Ketamine is an ionic glutamic acid N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist commonly used in clinical anesthesia, and its rapid and lasting antidepressant effect has stimulated great interest in psychology research. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its antidepressant action are still undetermined. Sevoflurane exposure early in life might induce developmental neurotoxicity and mood disorders. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ketamine against sevoflurane-induced depressive-like behavior and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Here, we reported that A2AR protein expression was upregulated in rats with depression induced by sevoflurane inhalation, which was reversed by ketamine. Pharmacological experiments showed that A2AR agonists could reverse the antidepressant effect of ketamine, decrease extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, reduce synaptic plasticity, and induce depressive-like behavior. Our results suggest that ketamine mediates ERK1/2 phosphorylation by downregulating A2AR expression and that p-ERK1/2 increases the production of synaptic-associated proteins, enhancing synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and thereby ameliorating the depressive-like behavior induced by sevoflurane inhalation in rats. This research provides a framework for reducing anesthesia-induced developmental neurotoxicity and developing new antidepressants.
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Data Availability
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82271296 to Ping Zhao and No. 82001154 to Ziyi Wu) and Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (No. 2021-MS-157 to Weiwei Yu).
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Weiwei Yu and Ping Zhao designed the study; Weiwei Yu and Mengmeng Ding performed the investigation; Weiwei Yu and Ziyi Wu analyzed the data; and Weiwei Yu, Ying Xu, and Xingyue Li wrote the manuscript.
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Yu, W., Wu, Z., Li, X. et al. Ketamine counteracts sevoflurane-induced depressive-like behavior and synaptic plasticity impairments through the adenosine A2A receptor/ERK pathway in rats. Mol Neurobiol 60, 6160–6175 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-023-03474-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-023-03474-w