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Soluble Factors from Human Olfactory Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Influence the Fate Decisions of Hippocampal Neural Precursor Cells

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Abstract

Neurogenesis plays a significant role during adulthood, and the observation that neural stem cells reside in the central nervous system and the olfactory epithelium has attracted attention due to their importance in neuronal regeneration. In addition, soluble factors (SFs) release by neural stem cells may modulate the neurogenic process. Thus, in this study, we identified the SFs released by olfactory human neural stem/progenitor cells (hNS/PCs-OE). These cells express Ki67, nestin, and βIII-tubulin, indicating their neural lineage. The hNS/PCs-OE also express PSD95 and tau proteins during proliferation, but increased levels are observed after differentiation. Thus, we evaluated the effects of SFs from hNS/PCs-OE on the viability, proliferation, and differentiation potential of adult murine hippocampal neural precursor cells (AHPCs). SFs from hNS/PCs-OE maintain cells in the precursor and proliferative stages and mainly promote the astrocytic differentiation of AHPCs. These effects involved the activation, as measured by phosphorylation, of several proteins (Erk1/2; Akt/PRAS40/GSK3β and JAK/STAT) involved in key events of the neurogenic process. Moreover, according to the results from the antibody-based microarray approach, among the soluble factors, hNS/PCs-OE produce interleukin-6 (IL-6) and neurotrophin 4 (NT4). However, residual epidermal growth factor (EGF) was also detected. These proteins partially reproduced the effects of SFs from hNS/PCs-OE on AHPCs, and the mechanism underlying these effects is mediated by Src proteins, which have been implicated in EGF-induced transactivation of TrkB receptor. The results of the present study suggest the potential use of SFs from hNS/PCs-OE in controlling the differentiation potential of AHPCs. Thus, the potential clinical relevance of hNS/PCs-OE is worth pursuing.

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Acknowledgements

LGV received a fellowship from CONACYT (262898) as part of the “Programa de Biomedicina” at the “Departamento de Biomedicina-CINVESTAV.” The present work was edited for proper English language (JS9VS9ZS).

Funding

This work was supported by grants from the “Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT)” FOSISSS 262307 (GBRR) and SEP-CONACYT 222193 (MAMR), the “Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente” (GBRR) and CINVESTAV (MAMR). Some of the equipment used in the present study was kindly financed by CONACYT (Grant Infraestructura 2015 Number 254773 to GBRR). CONACYT did not participate in the study design; data collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; the writing of the report; or the decision to submit the paper for publication.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Neurogenesis, Division of Clinical Investigations, National Institute of Psychiatry “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, 14370, Mexico City, Mexico

    Laura Gómez-Virgilio, Gerardo Bernabé Ramírez-Rodríguez & Leonardo Ortiz-López

  2. Departament of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-Zacatenco), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, No. 2508, Colonia San Pedro Zacatenco, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, 073 60, Ciudad de México, Mexico

    Laura Gómez-Virgilio, Carmen Sánchez-Torres & Marco Antonio Meraz-Ríos

Authors
  1. Laura Gómez-Virgilio
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  2. Gerardo Bernabé Ramírez-Rodríguez
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  3. Carmen Sánchez-Torres
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  4. Leonardo Ortiz-López
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  5. Marco Antonio Meraz-Ríos
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Contributions

All authors participated in the preparation of the article and approved the final version. GBRR conceived the idea of the study, and GBRR together with LGV and MAMR carried out its design. LOL isolated and provided murine AHPCs and human NS/PCs-OE. CST provided reagents and equipment to perform the experiments. LGV performed the experiments and collected and analyzed the data. LGV, MAMR, and GBRR wrote the manuscript and interpreted the data. LGV, MAMR, and GBRR prepared the final figures.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Gerardo Bernabé Ramírez-Rodríguez or Marco Antonio Meraz-Ríos.

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The Ethical Committee of the National Institute of Psychiatry approved this study (CEI/C/084/2015-CEI/C/077/2016).

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Gómez-Virgilio, L., Ramírez-Rodríguez, G.B., Sánchez-Torres, C. et al. Soluble Factors from Human Olfactory Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Influence the Fate Decisions of Hippocampal Neural Precursor Cells. Mol Neurobiol 55, 8014–8037 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-018-0906-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-018-0906-2

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