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Crystal growth of quantum materials: a review of selective materials and techniques

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Abstract

Availability of quantum materials as sufficiently large and high-quality single crystals holds the key to understanding their physical properties, which is crucial for making future progress in this exciting area of research. Here we review the crystal growth of a few representative quantum materials of topical interest grown in our laboratory using various crystal growth techniques, including optical floating zone, traveling solvent floating zone, chemical vapour transport and high-temperature flux methods. The chosen materials classes include: (a) low-dimensional quantum magnets, (b) superconductors of the pnictide family, (c) layered materials with triangular and honeycomb lattices and (d) 2D transition-metal based chalcogenides. Their quintessential physical properties demonstrating quantum behaviour are also shown in some cases.

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(Copyright © 2015, American Chemical Society).

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(Copyright © 2015, American Chemical Society) and in c with permission from reference [62] (Copyright © 2014, American Chemical Society).

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Copyright © 2014, American Chemical Society).

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copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. d is reprinted from reference [68], ©2019 American Physical Society.

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Adapted from reference [101], ©2018 American Physical Society. (e1) Air-sensitive single crystals of CaTe grown using Te flux. (e2) An X-ray Laue patterns collected on one of the crystal specimens, and (e3) a backscattered SEM image of a specimen showing cubic morphology. Adapted with permission from reference [104], ©2021 Elsevier B.V.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank our collaborators A Sundaresan, Ruediger Klingler, Christian Ruegg, Thorsten Schmitt, Markos Skulatos, Bernd Buechner, Aparna Deshpande, Setti Thirupathaiah, Ajay Sood, Rajeev Kini, S Middey and Avinash Mahajan. SS acknowledges financial support from DST, India, under Grant No. STARS/APR2019/PS/358/FS. LH acknowledges financial support from DST, India, under Grant No. SR/WOS-A/PM-33/2018 (G).

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  1. Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, 411008, India

    Nashra Pistawala, Dibyata Rout, Kumar Saurabh, Rabindranath Bag, Koushik Karmakar, Luminita Harnagea & Surjeet Singh

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  1. Nashra Pistawala
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Correspondence to Surjeet Singh.

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This article is part of the special issue on ‘Quantum materials and devices’.

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Pistawala, N., Rout, D., Saurabh, K. et al. Crystal growth of quantum materials: a review of selective materials and techniques. Bull Mater Sci 45, 10 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-021-02612-1

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