Abstract
We have synthesized highly charged, crosslinked poly (styrene-co-divinylbenzene-co-sulfopropyl methacrylate) copolymer colloidal particles using emulsion polymerization. The effects of concentration of the emulsifier and the initiator on the particle size and the charge density of the colloidal particles are studied. Colloidal particle size is highly dependent upon the concentration of the emulsifier and the initiator. The colloidal particle diameter decreases with increasing concentration of the emulsifier and increases with increasing concentration of the initiator in the polymerization mixture. Number of particles, surface charge density and charges per particle are also functions of both the emulsifier and the initiator concentration. The surface charge density and the number of charges per sphere increase with increasing particle diameter. These copolymer colloid particles self assemble readily and diffract visible light. Polymer hydrogel imbibed with these colloids shows the light diffraction.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aastuen D J W, Clark N A, Cotter L K and Ackerson B J 1986 Phys. Rev. Lett. 57 1733
Alexeev V L, Sharma A C, Goponenko A V, Das S, Lednev I K, Wilcox C S, Finegold D N and Asher S A 2003 Anal. Chem. 75 2316
Andre A and Henry F 1998 Colloid Polym. Sci. 276 1061
Arunbabu D, Sannigrahi A and Jana T 2008 J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 108 2718
Asher S A, Holtz J, Liu L and Wu Z 1994 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116 4497
Carlson R J and Asher S A 1984 Appl. Spectrosc. 38 297
Evans D F and Wennerstrom H 1999 The colloidal domain: where physics, chemistry, biology and technology meet (New York: Wiley-VCH), 2nd edn
Fitch R M 1997 Polymer colloids (San Diego: Academic Press)
Harkins W D 1947 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 69 1428
Hiltner P A and Krieger I M 1969 J. Phys. Chem. 73 2386
Hiltner P A, Papir Y S and Krieger I M 1971 J. Phys. Chem. 75 1881
Holtz J H and Asher S A 1997 Nature 389 829
Holtz J H, Holtz J S W, Munro C H and Asher S A 1998 Anal. Chem. 70 780
Joannopoulos J D, Meade R D and Winn J N 1995 Photonic crystals: molding the flow of light (Princeton: Princeton University Press)
Juang M S D and Krieger I M 1976 J. Polym. Sci.: Polym. Chem. Ed. 14 2089
Kim J H, Chainey M, El-Aasser M S and Vanderhoff J W 1989 J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 27 3187
Kim J H, Chainey M, El-Aasser M S and Vanderhoff J W 1992 J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem. 30 171
Krieger I M and O’Neil F M 1968 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90 3114
Lee K and Asher S A 2000 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122 9534
Luck V W, Kleir M and Wesslau H 1963 Ber. Bunsenger. Phys. Chem. 67 75
Masui J S and Watillon A 1975 J. Colloid. Interface Sci. 52 479
Odian G 2004 Principles of polymerization (New York: Wiley-Interscience) 4th edn, Ch. 4
Pan G, Kesavamoorthy R and Asher S A 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 20
Reese C E and Asher S A 2002 J. Colloid Interface Sci. 248 41
Reese C E, Guerrero C D, Weissman J M, Lee K and Asher S A 2000 J. Colloid Interface Sci. 232 76
Reese C E, Baltusavich M E, Keim J P and Asher S A 2001 Anal. Chem. 73 5038
Reese C E, Mikhonin A V, Kamenjicki M, Tikhonov A and Asher S A 2004 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126 1493
Roberts J M, Linse P and Osteryoung J G 1998 Langmuir 14 204
Rundquist P A, Photinos P, Jagannathan S and Asher S A 1989 J. Chem. Phys. 91 4932
Rundquist P A, Kesavamoorthy R, Jagannathan S and Asher S A 1991 J. Chem. Phys. 95 1249
Smith W V and Ewart R 1948 J. Chem. Phys. 16 592
Soukoulis C M (ed.) 1996 Photonic bandgap materials (Dordrecht: Kluwer)
Soukoulis C M 1999 J. Lightwave Technol. 17
Sharma A C, Jana T, Kesavamoorthy R, Shi L, Virji M A, Finegold D N and Asher S A 2004 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126 2971
Sunkara H B, Jethmalani J M and Ford W T 1994 J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem. 32 1431
Xia Y, Gates B, Yin Y and Lu Y 2000 Adv. Mater. 12 10
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Arunbabu, D., Hazarika, M., Naik, S. et al. Synthesis of crosslinked poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene-co-sulfopropyl methacrylate) nanoparticles by emulsion polymerization: Tuning the particle size and surface charge density. Bull Mater Sci 32, 633–641 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-009-0098-5
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-009-0098-5