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Role of miRNAs to control the progression of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia by their expression levels

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Abstract

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder distinguished by a specific genetic anomaly known as a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This translocation causes fusion between the BCR and ABL regions. Consequently, BCR::ABL oncoprotein is formed, which plays a significant role in driving CML progression. Imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), became the first line of drugs against CML. However, with continuous treatment, patients developed resistance against it. Indeed, to address this challenge, microRNA-based therapy emerges as a promising approach. miRNAs are 20–25 nucleotides long and hold great significance in various cellular processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. In several malignancies, it has been reported that miRNAs might help to promote or prevent tumourigenesis and abnormal expression because they could act as both oncogenes/tumor suppressors. Recently, because of their vital regulatory function in maintaining cell homeostasis, miRNAs might be used to control CML progression and in developing new therapies for TKI-resistant patients. They might also act as potential prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic biomarkers based on their expression profiles. Various annotation tools and microarray-based expression profiles can be used to predict dysregulated miRNAs and their target genes. The main purpose of this review is to provide brief insights into the role of dysregulated miRNAs in CML pathogenesis and to emphasize their clinical relevance, such as their significant potential as therapeutics against CML. Utilizing these miRNAs as a therapeutic approach by inhibition or amplification of their activity could unlock new doors for the therapy of CML.

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Acknowledgements

MV acknowledges the support he received from the Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, under the IOE incentive grant in writing this manuscript. MB and SA are grateful to BHU for the award of the UGC Non-NET fellowship.

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  1. School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Manvi Bansal, Sana Ansari & Malkhey Verma

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MV conceived and designed this review. MB and SA collected the data and prepared the first draft of the manuscript. Further, the manuscript was improved iteratively by MB, SA, and MV. Authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Bansal, M., Ansari, S. & Verma, M. Role of miRNAs to control the progression of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia by their expression levels. Med Oncol 41, 55 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-023-02278-1

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