Abstract
SCIRR39 is an identified upregulated gene in rat primary neuron injury and/or regeneration process. However, roles of SCIRR39 in the regeneration of central nervous system (CNS) injury are still largely unexplored. Using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting, SCIRR39 expression was detected in oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and oligodendrocytes. Moreover, the results from cell proliferation and cell cycle indicated that SCIRR39 inhibited OPCs proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 and G2/M phases. Importantly, SCIRR39 positively regulated OPC differentiation and the expression of myelin basic protein. We also examined the effect of SCIRR39 on expression of myelin-associated inhibitory factors, including myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein (OMgp), and Nogo A. Nogo A level was markedly regulated by SCIRR39 overexpression or knockdown in oligodendrocytes and cortical neurons co-cultures, while the expression of MAG and OMgp was not obviously changed by SCIRR39 overexpression or knockdown. Taken together, our results indicate the important role of SCIRR39 either in OPC differentiation or in axon myelination, and may provide a new therapeutic target for the treatment of CNS injury.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bin JM, Leong SY, Bull SJ, Antel JP, Kennedy TE (2012) Oligodendrocyte precursor cell transplantation into organotypic cerebellar shiverer slices: a model to study myelination and myelin maintenance. PLoS One 7:e41237
Borrie SC, Baeumer BE, Bandtlow CE (2012) The Nogo-66 receptor family in the intact and diseased CNS. Cell Tissue Res 349:105–117
Chang KJ, Susuki K, Dours-Zimmermann MT, Zimmermann DR, Rasband MN (2010) Oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein does not influence node of Ranvier structure or assembly. J Neurosci 30:14476–14481
Dickson KA, Dahlberg CL, Raines RT (2003) Compensating effects on the cytotoxicity of ribonuclease A variants. Arch Biochem Biophys 415:172–177
Edgar JM, Garbern J (2004) The myelinated axon is dependent on the myelinating cell for support and maintenance: molecules involved. J Neurosci Res 76:593–598
Futami J, Nukui E, Maeda T et al (2002) Optimum modification for the highest cytotoxicity of cationized ribonuclease. J Biochem 132:223–228
Guo X, Zahir T, Mothe A et al (2012) The effect of growth factors and soluble Nogo66 receptor protein on transplanted neural stem/progenitor survival and axonal regeneration after complete transection of rat spinal cord. Cell Transplant 21:1177–1197
Hossain S, De la Cruz-Morcillo MA, Sanchez-Prieto R, Almazan G (2012) Mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 regulates Krox-20 to direct Schwann cell differentiation and peripheral myelination. Glia 60:1130–1144
Josephson A, Trifunovski A, Widmer HR, Widenfalk J, Olson L, Spenger C (2002) Nogo-receptor gene activity: cellular localization and developmental regulation of mRNA in mice and humans. J Comp Neurol 453:292–304
Kiewe P, Seyfert S, Korper S, Rieger K, Thiel E, Knauf W (2003) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with detection of JC virus in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia parallel to onset of fludarabine therapy. Leuk Lymphoma 44:1815–1818
Kinter J, Lazzati T, Schmid D et al (2012) An essential role of MAG in mediating axon-myelin attachment in Charcot-Marie-Tooth 1A disease. Neurobiol Dis 25:221–231
Kobayashi K, Masuda T, Takahashi M et al (2011) Rho/Rho-kinase signaling pathway controls axon patterning of a specified subset of cranial motor neurons. Eur J Neurosci 33:612–621
Kotter MR, Li WW, Zhao C, Franklin RJ (2006) Myelin impairs CNS remyelination by inhibiting oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation. J Neurosci 26:328–332
Lee X, Hu Y, Zhang Y et al (2011) Oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination defects in OMgp null mice. Mol Cell Neurosci 46:752–761
Liu H, Nakazawa T, Tezuka T, Yamamoto T (2006) Physical and functional interaction of Fyn tyrosine kinase with a brain-enriched Rho GTPase-activating protein TCGAP. J Biol Chem 281:23611–23619
Mi S, Miller RH, Lee X et al (2005) LINGO-1 negatively regulates myelination by oligodendrocytes. Nat Neurosci 8:745–751
Quarles RH (1997) Glycoproteins of myelin sheaths. J Mol Neurosci 8:1–12
Que H, Liu Y, Jia Y, Liu S (2011) Establishment and assessment of a simple and easily reproducible incision model of spinal cord neuron cells in vitro. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 47:558–564
Salvati S, Attorri L, Avellino C, Di Biase A, Sanchez M (2000) Diet, lipids and brain development. Dev Neurosci 22:481–487
Schachner M, Bartsch U (2000) Multiple functions of the myelin-associated glycoprotein MAG (siglec-4a) in formation and maintenance of myelin. Glia 29:154–165
Schwab ME, Kapfhammer JP, Bandtlow CE (1993) Inhibitors of neurite growth. Annu Rev Neurosci 16:565–595
Shao Z, Browning JL, Lee X et al (2005) TAJ/TROY, an orphan TNF receptor family member, binds Nogo-66 receptor 1 and regulates axonal regeneration. Neuron 45:353–359
Summers RJ, Bathgate RA, Wade JD, van der Westhuizen ET, Halls ML (2009) Roles of the receptor, the ligand, and the cell in the signal transduction pathways utilized by the relaxin family peptide receptors 1–3. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1160:99–104
Tao Y, Dai P, Liu Y et al (2009) Erbin regulates NRG1 signaling and myelination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:9477–9482
Villagra NT, Berciano J, Altable M et al (2004) PML bodies in reactive sensory ganglion neurons of the Guillain–Barre syndrome. Neurobiol Dis 16:158–168
Vourc’h P, Andres C (2004) Oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein (OMgp): evolution, structure and function. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 45:115–124
Vourc’h P, Dessay S, Mbarek O, Marouillat Vedrine S, Muh JP, Andres C (2003) The oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein gene is highly expressed during the late stages of myelination in the rat central nervous system. Brain Res Dev Brain Res 144:159–168
Wang KC, Kim JA, Sivasankaran R, Segal R, He Z (2002) P75 interacts with the Nogo receptor as a co-receptor for Nogo, MAG and OMgp. Nature 420:74–78
Yamashita T, Higuchi H, Tohyama M (2002) The p75 receptor transduces the signal from myelin-associated glycoprotein to Rho. J Cell Biol 157:565–570
Yick LW, Cheung PT, So KF, Wu W (2003) Axonal regeneration of Clarke’s neurons beyond the spinal cord injury scar after treatment with chondroitinase ABC. Exp Neurol 182:160–168
Zhao Z, Huang X, Li N, Zhu X, Chen S, Cao X (1999) Direct cloning of cell differential expression genes with full-length by a new strategy based on the multiple rounds of ‘long distance’ polymerase chain reaction and magnetic beads mediated subtraction. J Biotechnol 73:35–41
Zhao H, Tanegashima K, Ro H, Dawid IB (2008) Lrig3 regulates neural crest formation in Xenopus by modulating Fgf and Wnt signaling pathways. Development 135:1283–1293
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by grants from Chinese National Basic Research Program (grant number 2009CB918301) and Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (grant number 5112027).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Zhao CF and Liu Y contributed equally to this work.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhao, C.F., Liu, Y., Que, H.P. et al. SCIRR39 Promotes Differentiation of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells and Regulates Expression of Myelin-Associated Inhibitory Factors. J Mol Neurosci 50, 533–541 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-013-9983-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-013-9983-x