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Association between the atherogenic index of plasma and carotid artery plaques in patients with coronary heart disease in different glucose metabolism states: an RCSCD-TCM study in Tianjin, China

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Abstract

Background

The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is considered a powerful biomarker of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis (AS). However, limited evidence is available regarding the relationship between the AIP and carotid artery plaques (CAPs) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).

Methods

This retrospective study included 9281 patients with CHD who underwent carotid ultrasound. Participants were divided according to the AIP tertiles: T1, AIP < 1.02; T2, 1.02 ≤ AIP < 1.25; and T3, AIP ≥ 1.25. The presence or absence of CAPs was assessed using carotid ultrasound. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between the AIP and CAPs in patients with CHD. The relationship between the AIP and CAPs was assessed according to sex, age, and glucose metabolic status.

Results

The baseline characteristics revealed significant differences in related parameters among patients with CHD after stratification into the three groups according to the AIP tertiles. Compared with T1, the odds ratio (OR) of T3 in patients with CHD was 1.53 (95% confidence interval [CI]:1.35–1.74). The association between AIP and CAPs was higher in females (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.38–1.92) than in males (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.12–1.70). The OR for patients aged ≤60 years (OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.14–1.71) was lower than that for patients aged >60 years (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.26–1.76). AIP was significantly associated with the risk of CAPs formation in different glucose metabolic states, with diabetes having the highest OR value (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.19–1.43).

Conclusion

The AIP and CAPs were significantly associated in patients with CHD, and the association was higher in female than in male patients. The association was lower in patients aged ≤60 years than in patients aged >60 years. Under different glucose metabolism statuses, the association between the AIP and the CAPs among patients with CHD was highest in patients with diabetes.

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Abbreviations

AIP:

The atherogenic index of plasma

AS:

Atherosclerosis

CAD:

Coronary atherosclerotic disease

CAP:

Carotid artery plaque

CHD:

Coronary heart disease

DBP:

Diastolic blood pressure

DM:

Diabetes mellitus

FPG:

Fasting plasma glucose

HbA1c:

Glycosylated hemoglobin

HDL-C:

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol

IQR:

Interquartile range

LDL-C:

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

OR:

Odds ratio

pre-DM:

pre-diabetes mellitus

SBP:

Systolic blood pressure

T2DM:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

TC:

Total cholesterol

TG:

Triglyceride

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Acknowledgements

We thank all the participants in the study, the members of the survey teams, and the groups for providing financial support.

Funding

This study was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 project, grant number2014CB542902) and the National Natural Science Fund project (approval number82074140).

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  1. These authors contributed equally: Yuanyuan He, Zhu Li, Lu Yu

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China

    Yuanyuan He, Zhu Li, Lu Yu, Yijia Liu, Lin Li, Rongrong Yang, Shan Gao & Chunquan Yu

  2. First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China

    Xianliang Wang

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Contributions

C.Q.Y., S.G., X.L.W., and Y.Y.H. participated in the study design and statistical analysis; Y.Y.H. and Z.L. analyzed the data and drafted the manuscript; and L.Y., Y.J.L., L.L., and R.R.Y. participated in data collection. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xianliang Wang, Shan Gao or Chunquan Yu.

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This study was approved by the ethics committee of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TJUTCM-EC20190008) and was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-1900024535) and Clinical Trials.gov (NCT04026724).

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He, Y., Li, Z., Yu, L. et al. Association between the atherogenic index of plasma and carotid artery plaques in patients with coronary heart disease in different glucose metabolism states: an RCSCD-TCM study in Tianjin, China. Endocrine 81, 252–261 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-023-03389-5

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