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Transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

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Abstract

Purpose

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β cells. The goal of this study was to explore potential biological biomarkers for T1DM.

Methods

Two microarray datasets (GSE55098 and GSE156035) about human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were systematically extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Common genes were identified from the perspective of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) respectively, and hub genes were identified by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. We also observed the expression of these hub genes in some common autoimmune diseases and predicted transcription factors (TFs) that might be associated with these genes.

Results

Seven hub genes (DDIT4, ESCO2, SH3BP4, PRICKLE1, EPM2AIP1, KCNJ15 and GRM8) were finally identified. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the high expression of these genes could well predict the occurrence of T1DM. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) suggested that most of these hub genes may be mainly involved in the changes of biological functions such as inflammation, infection, immunity, cancer, and apoptosis. Further, compared with the control group, the expression levels of these hub genes also changed in some other autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), etc., indicating that they might be the common targets of these autoimmune diseases.

Conclusions

The present study identified novel genes associated with T1DM from the PBMCs perspective that might provide new ideas for the early diagnosis, monitoring, evaluation, and prediction of T1DM.

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Data availability

Data was collected from the GEO database.

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Acknowledgements

We want to acknowledge all participants of this study and the technical support provided by the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University.

Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81870548 and 81570721), the Social Development Project of Jiangsu Province (BE2018692), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20191222), the Key project for Medical Education Collaborative Innovation Fund of Jiangsu University (JDY2022005).

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  1. These authors contributed equally: Zhaoxiang Wang, Li Zhang, Fengyan Tang

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, China

    Zhaoxiang Wang, Zhongming Yang, Mengzhu Wang, Jue Jia, Dong Wang, Ling Yang & Guoyue Yuan

  2. Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215300, China

    Li Zhang, Fengyan Tang & Shao Zhong

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  1. Zhaoxiang Wang
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Wang, Z., Zhang, L., Tang, F. et al. Transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Endocrine 78, 270–279 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-022-03163-z

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