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Gender-differences in glycemic control and diabetes related factors in young adults with type 1 diabetes: results from the METRO study

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Abstract

Purpose

To describe gender differences concerning glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors, diabetic complications, concomitant pathologies, and circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), in a population of young adults with type 1 diabetes.

Methods

We collected data from 300 consecutively patients (168 males and 132 females), aged 18–30 years, among those admitted at Diabetes Unit of University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” (Naples, Italy) from March 2012 to January 2017. Circulating levels of seven EPCs phenotypes were determined by flow cytometry.

Results

As compared to men, women with type 1 diabetes had a significantly higher HbA1c levels (%, 8.4 ± 1.3 vs. 8.1 ± 1.3, P = 0.020), body mass index (Kg/m2, 24.8 ± 4.2 vs. 23.9 ± 3.9, P = 0.034), HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL, 61.7 ± 13.7 vs. 54.7 ± 13.9, P < 0.001), and a lower count of both CD133+KDR+ and CD34+KDR+CD133+ EPCs (P = 0.022, P < 0.001, respectively). A higher proportion of women had overweight/obesity, and thyroiditis; smoking and sexual dysfunctions were more prevalent in men than in women.

Conclusions

Young adults with type 1 diabetes present gender differences with regard to glycemic control, prevalence of some cardiovascular risk factors, sexual dysfunctions and circulating levels of EPCs, most often to the detriment of women.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic Sciences and Aging, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy

      Maria Ida Maiorino, Giuseppe Bellastella, Ofelia Casciano, Mariangela Caputo, Annalisa Sarnataro & Dario Giugliano

    2. Diabetes Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy

      Michela Petrizzo, Maurizio Gicchino & Katherine Esposito

    3. Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic Sciences and Aging, Diabetes Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy

      Katherine Esposito

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    1. Maria Ida Maiorino
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    Correspondence to Maria Ida Maiorino.

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    All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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    Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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    These authors contributed equally: Maria Ida Maiorino and Giuseppe Bellastella.

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    Maiorino, M.I., Bellastella, G., Casciano, O. et al. Gender-differences in glycemic control and diabetes related factors in young adults with type 1 diabetes: results from the METRO study. Endocrine 61, 240–247 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-018-1549-9

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-018-1549-9

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