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Central leptin versus ghrelin: effects on bone marrow adiposity and gene expression

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Abstract

This study compared the central effects of ghrelin and leptin on body and bone marrow adiposity and gene expression in adipose tissue and bone marrow. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were injected intracerebroventricular (ICV) twice daily with control, 66 ng ghrelin (G66), 330 ng ghrelin (G330), or 5 μg leptin (L5) for 5 days. Food intake (FI) and body weight (BW) were measured daily. Gene expression in adipose tissue and bone marrow was assessed using RT–PCR. Leptin reduced FI (P < 0.05) and BW (P < 0.05), whereas ghrelin increased BW (P < 0.05) without affecting FI. Leptin decreased fat pad weights, whereas ghrelin (G330) increased fat pad weights (P < 0.05). In epididymal adipose tissue, leptin increased expression of lipolysis marker ADRB2 and thermogenesis marker MFN2 and decreased expression of adipogenic markers, FASN, SLC2A4, and SCD1, whereas ghrelin increased expression of FASN and SCD1. Leptin decreased bone marrow adipocyte size and number; however, ghrelin had no effect on these parameters. In whole bone marrow, leptin decreased expression of FASN and SCD1 and increased expression of DLK1, whereas ghrelin (G330) decreased expression of COL1A1. Thus, leptin induces similar changes in bone marrow and adipose tissue gene expression, reflecting the decreased adiposity in both compartments.

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Abbreviations

ADRB2:

Adrenergic, beta-2 receptor

ALPL:

Alkaline phosphatase

ANXA5:

Annexin A5

BBC3:

Bcl-2 binding component 3

BGLAP:

Bone gamma-carboxy glutamate (gla) protein

BGN:

Biglycan

BMP2:

Bone morphogenetic protein 2

CASP2:

Caspase 2

CD36:

CD36 molecule (thrombospondin receptor)

CEBPA:

CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), alpha

COLIA1:

collagen type I alpha 1

CTSK:

Cathepsin K

DLK1:

Delta-like 1 homolog

EGF:

Epidermal growth factor

FABP4:

Fatty acid binding protein 4

FASN:

Fatty acid synthase

FGF14:

Fibroblast growth factor 14

FN1:

Fibronectin 1

GAPDH:

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

GATA-3:

GATA binding protein 3

GPD1:

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1

LEP:

Leptin

LEPR:

Leptin receptor

LIPE:

Lipase, hormone-sensitive

LPL:

Lipoprotein lipase

SMAD1:

SMAD family member 1

MFN 2:

Mitofusin 2

MMP11:

Matrix metallopeptidase 11

PPARα:

Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor alpha

PPARγ:

Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma

RTN:

RTN hypothetical protein

SCD1:

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1

SERPINH1:

Serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade H member 1

SLC2A4:

Solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 4

SPARC:

Secreted protein, acidic cysteine-rich (osteonectin)

SRA1:

Steroid receptor RNA activator 1

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

UCP1:

Uncoupling protein 1

UCP3:

Uncoupling protein 2

UCP3:

Uncoupling protein 3

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor precursor

EP:

Epididymal fat pad

RP:

Retroperitoneal fat pad

ING:

Inguinal fat pad

GC:

Gastrocnemius muscle

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Acknowledgment

This study was supported in part by Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar endowment held by CAB.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal & Dairy Science, University of Georgia, 444 Animal Science Complex, Athens, GA, 30602-2771, USA

    Suresh Ambati, Qiang Li, Srujana Rayalam, Diane L. Hartzell, Mary Anne Della-Fera & Clifton A. Baile

  2. Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA

    Clifton A. Baile

  3. Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA

    Mark W. Hamrick

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  1. Suresh Ambati
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  2. Qiang Li
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  4. Diane L. Hartzell
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  5. Mary Anne Della-Fera
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  7. Clifton A. Baile
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Correspondence to Clifton A. Baile.

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Ambati, S., Li, Q., Rayalam, S. et al. Central leptin versus ghrelin: effects on bone marrow adiposity and gene expression. Endocr 37, 115–123 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-009-9274-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-009-9274-z

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