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Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in Allergy

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Abstract

Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells constitute a distinct subset within the memory T cell population, serving as the vanguard against invading pathogens and antigens in peripheral non-lymphoid tissues, including the respiratory tract, intestines, and skin. Notably, TRM cells adapt to the specific microenvironment of each tissue, predominantly maintaining a sessile state with distinctive phenotypic and functional attributes. Their role is to ensure continuous immunological surveillance and protection. Recent findings have highlighted the pivotal contribution of TRM cells to the modulation of adaptive immune responses in allergic disorders such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and dermatitis. A comprehensive understanding of the involvement of TRM cells in allergic diseases bears profound implications for allergy prevention and treatment. This review comprehensively explores the phenotypic characteristics, developmental mechanisms, and functional roles of TRM cells, focusing on their intricate relationship with allergic diseases.

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Abbreviations

TRM:

Tissue-resident memory T

APCs:

Antigen-presenting cells

TCM:

Central memory T

TEM:

Effector memory T

pTRM:

Precursor tissue-resident memory T

TEFF:

Effector T

TN:

Naive T

DC:

Dendritic cell

ICRs:

Inhibitory checkpoint receptors

ACD:

Allergic contact dermatitis

TEN:

Toxic epidermal necrolysis

HDM:

House dust mite

CHS:

Contact hypersensitivity

DETC:

Dendritic epidermal T cells

IEL:

Intraepithelial lymphocytes

Th2:

Type 2 helper T

IFN-γ:

Interferon gamma

IL:

Interleukin

S1P:

Sphingosine 1-phosphate

CCR7:

C-C chemokine receptor type 7

MHC:

Major histocompatibility complex

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFC2504100), the National Science Foundation of China (No. 81873689), National Science Foundation of Shanghai (No. 23ZR1458000), and Shanghai General Hospital Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (No. ZHYY-ZXYJHZX-202118).

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  1. Bojin Long and Shican Zhou contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China

    Bojin Long, Shican Zhou, Yawen Gao, Kai Fan, Ju Lai, Chunyan Yao, Jingwen Li, Xiayue Xu & Shaoqing Yu

  2. Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China

    Bojin Long, Shican Zhou, Yawen Gao, Kai Fan, Ju Lai, Chunyan Yao, Jingwen Li, Xiayue Xu & Shaoqing Yu

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B.L., S.Z., and S.Y. co-authored the main body of the manuscript. B.L. and Y.G. were responsible for the development of Fig. 1. K.F., J.L., C.Y., J.L., X.X., and S.Y. critically reviewed the manuscript. All authors have consented to the manuscript’s submission.

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Long, B., Zhou, S., Gao, Y. et al. Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in Allergy. Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol 66, 64–75 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-024-08982-8

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