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Diabetes Warriors from Heart Wood: Unveiling Dalbergin and Isoliquiritigenin from Dalbergia latifolia as Potential Antidiabetic Agents in-vitro and in-vivo

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a serious and complex metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. In recent years natural products has gained much more interest by researchers as alternative sources for diabetes treatment. Though many potential agents are identified so far but their clinical utility is limited because of their adverse effects. Therefore, there is a keen interest in discovering natural compounds to treat diabetes efficiently with less side effects. Dalbergia latifolia is well explored because of its diverse pharmacological activities including diabetes. Therefore, the present research work aimed to identify and isolate the potential antidiabetic agents from the heart wood of Dalbergia latifolia. We successfully extracted DGN and ISG from the heartwood and evaluated their antidiabetic potential both in-vivo and in-vitro. Alpha amylase activity inhibition of ISG and DGN was found to be 99.05 ± 8.54% (IC50 = 0.6025 µg/mL) and 84.68 ± 5.2% (IC50 = 0.0216 µg/mL) respectively. Glucose uptake assay revealed DGN (158%) promoted maximum uptake than ISG (77%) over control. In vivo anti diabetic activity was evaluated by inducing diabetes in SD rats with the help of HFD and STZ (35 mg/kg body weight). After the continuous administration of DGN (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg) and ISG (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg) for 14 days, we observed the reduction in the blood glucose levels, body weight, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, blood urea, serum creatinine, serum glutamate oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase levels than vehicle group indicates the potency of ISG and DGN against diabetes.

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Data Availability

No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

Abbreviations

ADMET:

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination, Toxicity

ALP:

Alkaline phosphatase

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

DGN:

Dalbergin; DL: Dalbergia Latifolia

DM:

Diabetes mellitus

DMEM:

Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium

DPP-4:

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4

EMA:

European Medical Agency

FBS:

Fetal bovine serum

GLP-1:

Glucose like peptide 1

GLUT-4:

Glucose transporter 4

GOD-POD:

Glucose oxidase and peroxidase

HDL:

High density lipoprotein

HFD:

High fat diet

ISG:

Isoliquiritigenin

LDL:

Low density lipoprotein

NCCS:

National center for cell science

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

NRU:

Neutral red uptake

PBS:

Phosphate buffer solution

SC:

Serum creatinine

SD:

Sprague Dawley

SGOT:

Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase

SGPT:

Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase

STZ:

Streptozotocin

T2D:

Type 2 diabetes

TC:

Total cholesterol

TG:

Triglycerides

VLDL:

Very low-density lipoprotein

WHO:

World health organization

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India

    Srinivas Sutrapu, Rashmi Saxena Pal, Navneet Khurana, Harish Vancha, Sharfuddin Mohd, Bimlesh Kumar & Govindaiah Pilli

  2. School of Pharmacy, Nalla Narasimha Reddy Education Society’s Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Krishna Mohan Chinnala

  3. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

    Govindaiah Pilli

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Contributions

S.S. done all the research work and wrote the manuscript, R.S. and G.P. edited and reviewed the manuscript. H.V. and S.M. contributed in writing manuscript, K.C. helped to get the spectral data for the phytochemical components. N.K. and B.K. are helped for the pharmacological activity testing experiments.

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Correspondence to Rashmi Saxena Pal or Govindaiah Pilli.

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Sutrapu, S., Pal, R.S., Khurana, N. et al. Diabetes Warriors from Heart Wood: Unveiling Dalbergin and Isoliquiritigenin from Dalbergia latifolia as Potential Antidiabetic Agents in-vitro and in-vivo. Cell Biochem Biophys (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12013-024-01285-x

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