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Role of toll-like receptor in the pathogenesis of oral cancer

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Abstract

Toll-like receptors are important molecules of innate immunity. They are known as pattern recognition receptors. They recognise certain molecules known as pathogen-associated molecular pattern on a pathogen and release chemicals that causes inflammation. Toll-like receptors (TLR) help in the removal of the infected cell and thus stop the spread of infection and are being studied for their association with cancer. Oral carcinoma has emerged as a major problem of our country today; it is found ranks first in men and third in women. Toll-like receptors have been implicated in the development of cancer. Certain polymorphisms in toll-like receptor can make a cell more susceptible to develop oral cancer. The identification of toll-like receptors and the different genotypes that are involved in the development of cancer can be utilised for using them as biomarkers of the disease. The study revealed that toll-like receptors like TLR7 and TLR5 are found to have a role in suppression of oral cancer while toll-like receptors like TLR4 and TLR2 are found to be associated with the progression of oral cancer. Toll-like receptors can turn out as important target molecules in the future in designing therapeutic strategies for oral cancer.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support received from Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus carrying out this study.

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  1. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ananya Bhardwaj, Divya Prasad & Sayali Mukherjee

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Conceptualisation: SM and AB; Methodology: SM and AB; Formal analysis and investigation: SM and AB; Writing—original draft preparation: SM, AB and DP; Writing—review and editing: SM, AB and DP; Funding acquisition: Not applicable; Resources: Not applicable; Supervision: SM.

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Correspondence to Sayali Mukherjee.

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Bhardwaj, A., Prasad, D. & Mukherjee, S. Role of toll-like receptor in the pathogenesis of oral cancer. Cell Biochem Biophys 82, 91–105 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12013-023-01191-8

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