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Insulin Receptor Substrates Regulation and Clinical Responses Following Vanadium-Enriched Yeast Supplementation in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Patients: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

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Abstract

Increasing evidence suggests that organic vanadium compounds are bioavailable and safe therapeutic agents with insulin-mimetic and insulin-enhancing features. The objective of the current study was to examine the effect of vanadium-enriched yeast (VEY) supplementation on the gene expression level of insulin receptor substrates and clinical manifestations of obese type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 44 obese T2DM patients were randomly allocated into either VEY (0.9 mg/day vanadium pentoxide) or placebo group for 12 weeks. The mRNA expression level of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFƘB) genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells, serum levels of metabolic parameters, anthropometric indices, as well as the quality of life, and dietary intake were collected at pre- and post-intervention phases. Analysis of covariance was performed to obtain the corresponding effect size. Results showed that VEY administration significantly decreased anthropometric indices and glycemic parameters and increased insulin sensitivity after adjusting for potential covariates (p < 0.05), in comparison to the placebo group. Additionally, VEY supplementation was significantly effective on MAPK, PTP1B, and NFƘB gene expression level, compared to the placebo group. No significant changes were noticed for dietary intake, quality of life, and lipid profile in the VEY group, compared to the placebo group. Overall, VEY supplementation can be considered as a promising safe adjunct therapy for improving anthropometric indices and glycemic parameters in T2DM patients.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the patient’s participation in this study. Our gratitude also goes to the vice chancellor for research (VCR) of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (TBZMED) for their financial support. This study is based on the data obtained from a Ph.D. dissertation (Grant number: 67355) submitted to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (Faezeh Ghalichi).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Faezeh Ghalichi, Mahtab Rajabi Jourshari, Amin Akbari Naserkiadeh & Alireza Ostadrahimi

  2. Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Faezeh Ghalichi

  3. Nutrition Research Center, Drug Applied Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Maryam Saghafi-Asl

  4. Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Behnam Kafil

  5. Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

    Amir Hossein Faghfouri

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  1. Faezeh Ghalichi
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Contributions

FGH, AO, and MSA designed the research and contributed to the concept of the project, the development of the overall research plan, and study oversight. FGH drafted the manuscript, analyzed, and interpreted the data. AHF helped with analyzing the data and editing the manuscript. BK took part in the production of VEY capsules. AAN and MRJ were involved in the sampling and data collection. MSA edited the whole manuscript. All authors have given final approval of the version to be published.

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Correspondence to Alireza Ostadrahimi.

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Ghalichi, F., Saghafi-Asl, M., Kafil, B. et al. Insulin Receptor Substrates Regulation and Clinical Responses Following Vanadium-Enriched Yeast Supplementation in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Patients: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Biol Trace Elem Res 201, 5169–5182 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-023-03604-4

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