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Cessation Restores Blood Pressure Levels and Endothelial Function Affected by Cadmium Exposure on Rats

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Abstract

Chronic cadmium exposure produces high blood pressure and endothelial damage; however, it is not known whether these effects could be reversed by interrupting the exposure to the metal. Therefore, we evaluate the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and vascular reactivity during and following chronic cadmium-exposure discontinuance. Rats received 100 mg.L−1 cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in the drinking water or tap water (Ct) for 30 days and/or tap water for 30 days more. The cadmium plasma content, blood pressure and vascular reactivity of isolated aorta were evaluated. Cadmium exposure increased cadmium plasma content, SBP and aorta contractile responses to phenylephrine, all reversed after suspending exposure. Endothelial removal and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition increased phenylephrine response both on control and Cd-discontinuation models. Cd-discontinuation group presented increased CAMKII and PKA protein expression, as peNOSSer1177. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) incubation reduced contractile response on control group, and catalase incubation enhanced the response to phenylephrine in this group. Meanwhile, both SOD2 and catalase protein expression were increased in Cd-cessation rats. Our findings provide evidence that increased SBP and endothelial dysfunction induced by Cd chronic exposure are reversed by suspending the metal exposure probably due to an improvement of antioxidant enzymes and eNOS function.

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Funding

This study was supported by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES – Financing code 001, Alessandra Simão Padilha); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq Alessandra Simão Padilha) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Espírito Santo (FAPES – Grant 80600115, 2020-2TG4R (159/2020) Alessandra Simão Padilha and PROFIX 388/2018 Camila Almenara Cruz Pereira). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Oeste da Bahia, Rua da Prainha, 1326, Morada Nobre, Barreiras, BA, 47810-047, Brazil

    Camila Cruz Pereira Almenara

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil

    Thiago Fernandes de Oliveira, David Chaves Felício da Silva & Alessandra Simão Padilha

  3. Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil

    Maiara Krause & Maria Tereza W. D. Carneiro

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  1. Camila Cruz Pereira Almenara
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  3. David Chaves Felício da Silva
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  4. Maiara Krause
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  5. Maria Tereza W. D. Carneiro
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  6. Alessandra Simão Padilha
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception, design and text review. Material preparation, animal care, and data collection were performed by Camila Almenara Cruz Pereira, Thiago Fernandes de Oliveira, David Chaves Felício da Silva and Maiara Krause. The data analysis was performed by Camila Almenara Cruz Pereira, Thiago Fernandes, Maria Tereza W. D. Carneiro and Alessandra S. Padilha. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Camila Almenara Cruz Pereira and Alessandra Simão Padilha, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Camila Cruz Pereira Almenara.

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Almenara, C.C.P., de Oliveira, T.F., da Silva, D.C.F. et al. Cessation Restores Blood Pressure Levels and Endothelial Function Affected by Cadmium Exposure on Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 201, 1955–1964 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-022-03312-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-022-03312-5

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