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Geographical, Sex, Age, and Seasonal Differences in Serum Manganese Status Among Chinese Adults with Hypertension

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A Correction to this article was published on 07 May 2022

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Abstract

Background

Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace metal element required for optimal human health. However, few studies have assessed the Mn status in hypertensive patients, especially in China. Moreover, factors associated with Mn status have not yet been thoroughly explored. Therefore, we aimed to assess the serum Mn status of adults with hypertension in China and its association with demographic factors.

Methods

An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted to assess serum Mn concentrations in 14 provinces of China. A total of 2597 patients with hypertension were randomly identified by sex, age, and district, and serum Mn concentrations were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Results

In our study population, the median serum Mn levels were 1.60 (interquartile range (IQR), 0.94–2.85) µg/L for males and 1.51 (IQR, 0.86–2.69) µg/L for females. In adjusted linear regression models, significantly higher serum Mn concentrations were found in summer (compared with spring, β, 1.06 µg/L, 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.50), and those living in Guangxi (compared with Heilongjiang, β, 0.81, 95% CI: 0.06 to 1.56), Shanxi (compared with Heilongjiang, β, 0.75, 95% CI: 0.01 to 1.50), and Liaoning (compared with Heilongjiang, β, 1.65, 95% CI: 0.91 to 2.38), and significantly lower serum Mn concentrations were found in patients who aged 60–70 years (compared with those aged < 60 years, β, − 0.40 μg/L, 95% CI: − 0.76 to − 0.05).

Conclusion

Our findings observed high serum Mn status among Chinese adults with hypertension, and revealed the association between terms of age, region, and season with serum Mn.

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Data Availability

The data presented in this study are available upon request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available.

Change history

Abbreviations

Mn:

Manganese

ICP-MS:

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

IQR:

Interquartile range

PR:

Prevalence ratio

CI:

Confidence interval

tHcy:

Total homocysteine

BMI:

Body mass index

SBP:

Systolic blood pressure

DBP:

Diastolic blood pressure

AH:

Anhui

BJ:

Beijing

GS:

Gansu

GX:

Guangxi

HB:

Hebei

HLJ:

Heilongjiang

HN:

Hunan

JS:

Jiangsu

LN:

Liaoning

NX:

Ningxia

SD:

Shandong

SX:

Shanxi

SC:

Sichuan

YN:

Yunnan

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the contribution of all staff members who participated in this study as well as the study participants.

Funding

The study was supported by funding from the following: the National Key Research and Development Program [2016YFE0205400, 2018ZX09739010, 2018ZX09301034003]; the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou, China [201707020010]; the Science, Technology, and Innovation Committee of Shenzhen [GJHS20170314114526143, JSGG20180703155802047]; the Economic, Trade, and Information Commission of Shenzhen Municipality [20170505161556110, 20170505160926390, 201705051617070]; the National Natural Science Foundation of China [81730019, 81973133]; the President Foundation of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, [2018Z009]; Outstanding Youth Development Scheme of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, [2019J004]; the National Natural Science Foundation of China, [82000691]; the 111 Project from the Education Ministry of China [No. B18053]; the National Natural Science Foundation of China [81960074]; and the Jiangxi Outstanding Person Foundation [20192BCBL23024].

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518106, China

    Hong Chen, Zhixin Cui, Wenhai Lu, Ping Wang & Yan Yang

  2. Pingdi Public Health Service Center, Shenzhen, 518117, China

    Wenhai Lu

  3. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, China

    Jia Wang

  4. Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China

    Ziyi Zhou & Lishun Liu

  5. Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China

    Ziyi Zhou, Lishun Liu & Binyan Wang

  6. Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China

    Nan Zhang, Jianping Li, Yan Zhang & Yong Huo

  7. Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Sciences and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China

    Zhuo Wang, Tengfei Lin, Yun Song, Hao Zhang & Xiping Xu

  8. College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China

    Tengfei Lin & Ping Chen

  9. Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China

    Yun Song, Binyan Wang, Xiping Xu & Xianhui Qin

  10. Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China

    Xiao Huang

  11. School of Heath Administration, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China

    Genfu Tang

  12. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China

    Yong Duan

  13. Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China

    Yong Duan

  14. National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China

    Binyan Wang, Xiping Xu & Xianhui Qin

  15. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Guangdong Province, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China

    Yan Yang

  16. Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition Translation, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510080, China

    Yan Yang

Authors
  1. Hong Chen
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  2. Zhixin Cui
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  3. Wenhai Lu
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  5. Jia Wang
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  7. Nan Zhang
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  9. Tengfei Lin
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  18. Yan Zhang
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  23. Yan Yang
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Contributions

Conceptualization, H.C., X.X., X.Q., and Y.Y.; methodology, X.X., X.Q., Z.Z., N.Z., and H.C.; software, L.L.; validation, X.Q. and L.L.; formal analysis, H.C., Z.C., W.L., and P.W.; investigation, J.W., Z.W., T.L., Y.S., L.L., P.C., B.W., J.L., Y.Z., Y.H., and H.Z.; resources, X.X., X.Q., G.T., Y.D., X.H., and Y.Y.; data curation, L.L.; writing—original draft preparation, H.C., X.Q., and Y.Y.; writing—review and editing, X.Q. and Y.Y.; supervision, X.X., X.Q., and Y.Y.; project administration, H.C. and X.X.; funding acquisition, X.X. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Xianhui Qin or Yan Yang.

Ethics declarations

Institutional Review Board Statement

The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China (Ethics code: 20161231).

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

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The original version of this article was revised due to the incorrect keywords. The correct keywords are Carcinogenic potency; Chronic oral exposure; Food safety; Food toxicology; Food contaminant; Health risk assessment.

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Chen, H., Cui, Z., Lu, W. et al. Geographical, Sex, Age, and Seasonal Differences in Serum Manganese Status Among Chinese Adults with Hypertension. Biol Trace Elem Res 201, 41–50 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-022-03135-4

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