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Effect of an Established Nutritional Level of Selenium on Energy Metabolism and Gene Expression in the Liver of Rainbow Trout

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Abstract

The nutritional selenium (Se) has been demonstrated to have health-boosting effects on fish. However, its effect on fish energy metabolism remains unclear. This study explores the effect and underlying mechanism of the action of nutritional Se on energy metabolism in fish. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed a basal diet (0 mg Se/kg diet) and a diet containing an already established nutritional Se level (2 mg Se/kg diet, based on Se-yeast) for 30 days. After the feeding experiment, the plasma and liver biochemical profiles and liver transcriptome were analyzed. The results showed that the present nutritional level of Se significantly increased liver triglyceride, total cholesterol, and plasma total cholesterol contents (P < 0.05) compared with the control. Transcriptome analysis showed that 336 and 219 genes were significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Gene enrichment analysis showed that many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were associated with lipid metabolism pathways (fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid elongation, and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis), carbohydrate metabolism pathways (glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the citrate cycle), and the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. Real-time quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) validation results showed that the expression profiles of 15 genes exhibited similar trends both in RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and Q-PCR analysis. These results reveal that optimum dietary Se activates glucose catabolic processes, fatty acid biosynthetic processes, and energy production and hence produces higher liver lipid content. This study concludes that the previously established level of nutritional Se (Se-yeast) (2 mg/kg diet, fed basis) for rainbow trout promotes energy storage in the liver, which may benefit fish growth to some extent.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This study is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (grant number: 2019YFD0900303) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant number: 2662021SPPY001 and 11900022414).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan street 1, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China

    Feifei Chen, Li Wang, Dianfu Zhang, Sai Li & Xuezhen Zhang

  2. Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China

    Xuezhen Zhang

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  1. Feifei Chen
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  2. Li Wang
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  3. Dianfu Zhang
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  4. Sai Li
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  5. Xuezhen Zhang
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Contributions

Conceptualized and designed the experiments: Feifei Chen, Li Wang. Performed the experiments: Feifei Chen, Li Wang, Dianfu Zhang, Sai Li. Analyzed the data and interpreted results of experiments: Feifei Chen. Drafted the manuscript: Feifei Chen. Edited and revised the manuscript: Feifei Chen, Li Wang, Dianfu Zhang, Sai Li, Xuezhen Zhang. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xuezhen Zhang.

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This study was approved by The Scientific Ethic Committee of Huazhong Agricultural University (no. HZAUFI-2018–017).

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Chen, F., Wang, L., Zhang, D. et al. Effect of an Established Nutritional Level of Selenium on Energy Metabolism and Gene Expression in the Liver of Rainbow Trout. Biol Trace Elem Res 200, 3829–3840 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-021-02953-2

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