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Dietary Selenium Promotes Somatic Growth of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by Accelerating the Hypertrophic Growth of White Muscle

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Abstract

As a nutritionally essential trace element, selenium (Se) is crucial for fish growth. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Fish somatic growth relies on the white muscle growth. This study aimed to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of Se on fish white muscle growth using a juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) model. Fish were fed a basal diet unsupplemented or supplemented with selenium yeast at nutritional dietary Se levels (2 and 4 mg/kg Se, respectively) for 30 days. Results showed that dietary Se supplementation significantly enhanced trout somatic growth. Histological and molecular analysis of trout white muscle tissues at the vent level showed that dietary Se supplementation elevated the total cross-sectional area of white muscle, mean diameter of white muscle fibers, protein content, nuclei number, and DNA content of individual muscle fiber, and suppressed the activities of calpain system and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Overall, this study demonstrated that dietary Se within the nutritional range inhibits calpain- and ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation and promotes the fusion of myoblasts into the existed muscle fibers to promote the hypertrophic growth of white muscle, thereby accelerating the somatic growth of rainbow trout. Our results provide a mechanistic insight into the regulatory role of Se in fish growth.

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Availability of Data and Material

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Funding

This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant number: 2662019FW013); the Da Bei Nong Group Promoted Project for Young Scholar of HZAU (grant number: 2017DBN018) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant number 2662015PY024).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan street 1, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China

    Li Wang, Dianfu Zhang, Sai Li, Long Wang, Jiaojiao Yin, Zhen Xu & Xuezhen Zhang

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  1. Li Wang
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  2. Dianfu Zhang
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  3. Sai Li
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  7. Xuezhen Zhang
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Correspondence to Xuezhen Zhang.

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This study was approved by The Scientific Ethic Committee of Huazhong Agricultural University (no. HZAUFI-2018-017).

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Wang, L., Zhang, D., Li, S. et al. Dietary Selenium Promotes Somatic Growth of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by Accelerating the Hypertrophic Growth of White Muscle. Biol Trace Elem Res 199, 2000–2011 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02282-w

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