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Trace element concentrations in water and Clupeonella cultriventris caspia in the Southern Caspian Sea and Assessment of Potential Risk to Human Health

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Abstract

Despite the fishing pressure on common kilka (Clupeonella cultriventris caspia) and the importance of the Caspian Sea, there are little data on trace element levels in those. Therefore, the concentrations of 27 trace elements were measured in water (n=15) and C. cultriventris (n=1050) collected from the southern Caspian Sea. The concentrations of Cd, Hg, and Zn in the water exceeded permissible limits and posed potential ecological risks to the aquatic biota, especially in the southeastern region of the Caspian Sea. The estimated daily intakes of As, Cd, Co, Hg, Mn, Pb, Sb, and V from the consumption of C. cultriventris were higher than the acceptable daily intake recommended by the JECFA and USEPA. However, the target hazard quotients and hazard index values were lesser than one. It appears that C. cultriventris provides a small amount of essential element nutrition for consumers. In conclusion, this study revealed that consumers are exposed to As, Co, Hg, Mn, Mo, Sb, and, V through the consumption of C. cultriventris. Also, the concentrations of Cd, Hg, and Zn in water showed significant ecological risk.

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CRediT Authorship Contribution Statement

M.H. Gorjian Arabi: conceptualization, funding acquisition, writing—original draft, methodology, software, and data curation; M.H. Sinkakarimi: conceptualization, writing—original draft, methodology, software, and data curation; M. Ahmadpour: conceptualization, methodology, review, and editing; I. Islami: methodology, review, and editing; P. Hapeman: review and editing.

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Funding

This study is financially supported by the Iran National Science Foundation-Science deputy of presidency through grant number 97022096.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center for the Caspian Region, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

    Mohammad Hossein Gorjian Arabi, Mohammad Hosein Sinkakarimi & Mohsen Ahmadpour

  2. Faculty of Natural Resource and Marine Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

    Iman Islami

  3. Biology Department, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, CT, USA

    Paul Hapeman

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  1. Mohammad Hossein Gorjian Arabi
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Correspondence to Mohammad Hossein Gorjian Arabi.

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Gorjian Arabi, M.H., Sinkakarimi, M.H., Ahmadpour, M. et al. Trace element concentrations in water and Clupeonella cultriventris caspia in the Southern Caspian Sea and Assessment of Potential Risk to Human Health. Biol Trace Elem Res 200, 822–831 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-021-02664-8

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